【作者】 祝高峰；

【导师】 叶冬青； 潘发明；

【作者基本信息】 安徽医科大学 ， 流行病与卫生统计学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 [目的] 探讨安徽巢湖农村地区3～6周岁学龄前儿童的生长发育状况及相关情况,分析儿童生长迟缓的影响因素。[方法] 采用整群抽样调查方法随机抽取了安徽省巢湖市三个乡镇的1423名3～6周岁学龄前儿童作为调查对象,调查内容包括儿童体质调查,儿童的一般情况、父母状况、环境状况、儿童喂养及健康状况和母亲对有关儿童营养问题的认知情况调查。并筛检出生长迟缓儿童119名,进行成组病例对照研究。[结果] 在三项评价指标中,生长迟缓、低体重及消瘦儿童发生率(低于WHO标准-2s)分别为9.6%,1.6%和2.0%。而三项都为阳性者2人(0.2%),两项为阳性者19人(1.6%),一项阳性者123人(10.2%),三项全为阴性者1059人(88.0%),儿童的父母在职业、文化程度、月收入间差异有显著性,母亲是儿童主要的照顾者。对所调查的55个变量进行单因素分析,结果表明有26项在两组中差异有显著性:“年龄”、“体重”、“收缩压”、“舒张压”、“出生体重”、“喂养情况”、“添加辅食时间”、“兄弟姐妹数”、“人均年收入”、“父亲身高”、“母亲身高”、“父亲文化程度”、“母亲文化程度”、“父亲职业”、“母亲职业”、“母亲年龄”、“分娩地”、“父亲吸烟”、“父亲吸烟程度”、“儿童主食”、“吃肉情况”、“吃鸡蛋情况”、“吃蔬菜情况”、“吃水果情况”、“上幼儿园”、“刷牙情况”;经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析,选入模型的有:“体重”、“父亲身高”、“母亲身高”、“母亲文化程度”、“父亲吸烟”、“儿童年龄”共6个变量。[结论] 该地区儿童生长迟缓的发生率高于低体重和消瘦的发生率,身高发育明显低于WHO标准;生长迟缓是多因素共同作用的结果,该地区主要的影响因素为遗传和环境因素,必须采取综合措施来减少儿童生长迟缓的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the risk factors of children’s Stunting aged 3-6 in the ruralarea of Chaohu, Anhui province, To explore the status of growth and developmentamong pre-school children’s and to analyze the related factors. Methods Using aclustered random sampling method to investigated 1423 pre-school children aged 3-6 inthree countryside of Chaohu Anhui province in July 2003, in which children’s healthstatus and general things were included, case-control study was used to analysis the 119children of stunting which got from the investigation at same time. Correlation, T-test,x~2 test, ANOVA, One-way logistic regression and mult-way logisticregression were used in this paper. Result Among 3 evaluation criteria ofchildren’s growth and development, prevalence of stunting, underweight and wastingwere 9.6%, 1.6% and 2.0% respectively. There were 2 children (0.2%) with 3positive-markers, 19 children (1.6%) with 2 positive-markers, 123 children (10.2%)with only 1 positive-markers, and 1059 children (88.0%) with 3 negative-markers.There were significant differences in the job, educational degree and income per capitalper month between father and mother. Most of the children were in the care of theirmothers. Univariate analysis indicated statistical significance were found betweencase and control group in 26 of 55 variables, such as "age", "body-weight", "systolicpressure", "diastolic pressure", "birth weight", "feeding", "time of adding assistantfood", "number of brothers and sisters", "annual per capital income", "body height offather", "body height of mother", "educational level of father", "educational level ofmother", "profession of father", "profession of mother", "age of mother", "place ofdelivery", "father smoking", "degree of father smoking", "major food of children",更多还原