【作者】 郭春梅；

【导师】 王吉德； 封顺；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 物理化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 维药香青兰（ Dracocephalum moldavica L. ）是唇形科草本植物,在维吾尔医药中具有悠久的历史。它广泛的药理作用,已逐渐引起研究者的关注。目前,对香青兰的研究主要集中在临床治疗心血管、动脉粥样硬化、高血压、心肌缺血等疾病方面,对其化学成分研究甚少。尤其是,对香青兰中微量金属元素的化学形态及其该药有效化学成分的抗氧化性研究,未见任何报道。本文用物理、化学方法,从分子的角度研究测试香青兰中微量金属元素的化学形态及其在人体肠胃中的生物利用率和香青兰有效化学成分的分离提取及其抗氧化性和免疫力的调节作用,来探索阐明香青兰的药理机制。第一章对微量金属元素、抗氧化性、以及香青兰的研究进展进行了综述。第二章建立了香青兰中六种微量金属元素的四种化学形态分离分析方法。分析了六种微量金属元素在原药、水煎液中的含量、水煎溶出率以及它们在正辛醇—水体系模拟人体肠胃环境下的存在形态。测定了胃肠酸度下生物利用度的醇溶态金属元素含量。分析结果表明,六种微量元素是各以某种形态为主的多种形态共存的混杂体系;不同靶位酸度环境下,对微量金属元素的化学形态影响很大;香青兰水煎液中的Zn/Cu 比值仅为1.11,这对改善冠心病患者血清中Zn/Cu 比值有一定的贡献。第三章建立了热水提取、乙醇沉淀、Sevag 法去蛋白、有机溶剂分离纯化提取香青兰多糖的方法,并用苯酚—硫酸比色法测定其含量,对其理化性质进行了测定;同时采用生物化学法体外实验测定了香青兰多糖对活性氧自由基O₂^-·、·OH 和H₂O₂ 的清除能力和还原能力,以Vc 和枸杞多糖作为对照品;并初步探讨了香青兰多糖分子抗肿瘤、提高免疫力的机理。实验结果表明:香青兰中多糖含量为6.38%,提取方法准确度高可行;并且,香青兰多糖对O₂^-·、·OH和H₂O₂ 具有良好的清除能力,同时还有较强的还原能力,它们的活性大小与更多还原

【Abstract】 Dracocephalum moldavica L. (DML), as a Uighur folk medicinal herb, is a plant belonging to the Labiatae family and is known and used by Uighur people since antiquity. For extensive pharmacological effects, DML has been increasingly paid more attention by researchers. Recently, researches on DML are centered on clinical therapy coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, hyperpiesia, myocardial ischemia, but few researches were investigated about chemical components. Furthermore, no study on the leaching characteristics and speciation of trace metal elements and the antioxidative activities research of effective chemical components in DML has ever been reported. In this paper, for exploring and clarifying DML’s pharmacological mechanism, physical and chemical methods were adopted to study leaching characteristics, speciation, and distribution of decoction in stomach, intestine of trace metal elements in DML and effective chemical components’antioxidative activities and immunomodulatary activities on molecule level. In chapter one, the advances of trace metal elements, antioxidative activities and DML’s studying were reviewed. In chapter two, the method of secondary level of the speciation analysis and the method of n-C8H17OH—H2O system simulating the distribution in the body’s stomach and intestine of six trace elements in DML, were proposed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS). Meanwhile, octanol-and water-solubility concentration of six trace elements under gastric and intestinal acidity were determined, analyzed and compared by FAAS. Results showed that six trace elements in DML existed in mixed forms but existed mainly in one form, respectively; the different acidities of digestive site had affected greatly the existing species of trace elements; Zn/Cu value was 1.11 in decoction, which made contribution to improving Zn/Cu value in serum of coronary heart disease patient. In chapter three, Dracocephalum Moldavica Polysaccharides (DMP) were obtained by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, Sevag method deproteinization and subsequently purified by different organic solvent. Polysaccharides content was determined by phenol-vitriolic colorimetry. Meanwhile, the scavenging effects of DMP on active oxygen free radical were measured with Vc and Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides as control sample. The results showed that the polysaccharides content of DMP was 6.38%,the method was of high accuracy and strong scavenging effects of DMP on O2ˉ·,·OH, H2O2 and reducing power of DMP. Moreover, their activities increased with concentration of polysaccharides increasing and were stronger than Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides. In chapter four, different extracts in DML extracted were water fraction (WF), ethanol fraction (EF), petroleum ether fraction (PEF), trichloromethane fraction (TCF), ethyl acetate fration (EAF) and n-butanol fraction (NBF). The antioxidant abilities of different extracts in DML were evaluated by scavenging active free radical and reducing power, which enable to find the strongest activity fraction in DML. The results indicated that most of extracts were of better active free radical scavenging activities; EAF showed the strongest antioxidant activity among extracts; EF’s scavenging activity was stronger than WF’s. In chapter five, Dracocephalum Moldavica fatty acid extracted with Soxhlet extractor by organic solvents was saponified and methylated, and then the products were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS with satisfactory results. Seven fatty acids were identified. Of which unsaturated acids account for 70.89%,更多还原