【作者】 李院林；

【导师】 陈国权；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 行政管理， 2004， 硕士

【副题名】对公共事业民营化改革的思考

【摘要】 从公平与效率的视角来研究公共事业的民营化问题具有十分迫切的现实意义和重要的理论意义。众所周知,公共物品是满足公共需求和维护公共利益的重要手段,公共事业是这一重要手段赖以存在的主要载体,而传统的体制安排使得公共事业的成长与发展面临着公平与效率的两难,因为政府主导下的公共事业缺乏充分的市场激励,从而使得公共事业的效率惰性逐步累积。令人担忧的是,当效率惰性累积超出一定限度时,政府的强势作为将会导致效率的根本性缺失,而这种缺失将是难以修复甚至是不可修复的,为了实现公平与效率在公共事业领域的可欲兼容,为了自身治理的有效实现,政府公共政策的工具箱中新增了民营化这一具有普适性的工具。公共事业民营化的顺利进展意味着公平与效率的同向相长,而同向相长的基础则有赖于公共事业民营化必须具备三大基本前提,即政治前提、经济前提和价值前提,同时,民营化必须在公共事业的两大限度内合理发挥作用才能取得实质性成果。展而言之,公平与效率的均衡、与民营经济的正和博弈以及与政府治理的良性互动分别构成公共事业民营化的政治前提、经济前提和价值前提;而公共事业的亲市场品质和竞争的充分性则是公共事业民营化的内外限度。三大前提和两个限度共同构成了民营化发展的五个维度。只有当五个维度方向基本一致时,民营化作为实现政府治理的基本策略才能得到很好的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The question of privatization to the government utility from the study view of the equality and efficiency is worth reserching because of its immediate practicing instructiveness as well as important theoretical value. As known to us all, public goods is an important tool for public demands and maintaining public interests, while the government utility is the main sector for supplying public goods. The traditional institution arrangement leads to the dilemma of the equality and efficiency when the government utility grows and develops. But why? Because those enterprises which are controlled and managed by the government itself lack adequate market incentive, making efficiency inertia of the government utility increase gradually. Worriedly, The government’s surging acts will lead to fundamental faults on efficiency when the accumulation of the inertia exceeds certain limitation; moreover, there may be big difficulties in making up those faults. In order to realize incentive compatibility of the equity and efficiency in the realm of the government utility, and to accomplish good governance of the government, privatization which is a newly-increased tool comes out in the tool-box of the government’ s public policy. The successful development of privatization to the government utility means that the equality and efficiency inter-grows at the same direction, and, the base of inter-growth is depended on whether the privatization to the government utility possesses three fundamental pre-conditions, which is respectively called political pre-condition, economic and valuable pre-condition. That is to say, the balancing of the equality and efficiency is the political pre-condition of the privatization to the government, positive-sum game with private economy, the economic pre-condition, and good interact with governace of the government, the valuable pre-condition. Meanwhile, the market-oriented quality and the adequate competition of the government utility make up its internal and external limitations. Therefore, five dimensions of privatization to the government utility are composed of three pre-conditions and two limitations. Only when those dimensions are basically at the same direction, does privatization that is a tactic to accomplish effective governance of the government apply to practising realm successfully.更多还原