【作者】 汪维薇；

【导师】 钱雪亚；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 政治经济学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 过去几十年来生态环境与经济发展的矛盾日趋严峻,人口激增、资源短缺、土地沙化、温室效应、酸雨侵蚀等等,已经成为我国全面落实科学发展观、构建和谐社会的最大障碍。如果不能建立起环境保护和治理的有效机制,基本的经济发展模式就不可能得到根本性改变,从而环境危机也就不能彻底解决。据以此,本文从环境保护和环境治理的手段与方法为切入点,试图通过对不同类治理环境措施发生作用的机理进行分析,并利用模型进行实证研究;进一步找出环境优化进程中各影响因子在不同阶段所起的作用,从而为各地区因地制宜,寻求一条可供参照的科学发展道路提供政策建议。 本文认为,在环境与人的互动中,人始终是主动的。在提高生产力水平,实现经济、社会和科技协调发展,也即在科学发展观指导下的发展中,环境保护和环境治理的方法只要是理性的、科学的和有成效的,就会实现环境和经济的和谐发展。本文主要内容及创新点就在于从一个较为独特的视角来研究环境与经济增长的关系,即将区域产业结构、经济技术水平以及排污治理能力结合起来进行考虑,从各自影响及综合作用的角度分析各因子在不同时期对环境优化所起的作用。 以浙江省为例,研究表明:第一,在近十年的发展过程中,浙江省在污染排放的治理、经济结构调整以及技术水平提高这三方面采取了一定的措施,也取得了一定的成果,对环境污染排放的减少做出了贡献。第二,随着经济的发展各因子的影响作用越来越大。第三,不同时期,不同的手段对于环境优化的作用是有差别的。在经济水平很低的阶段,有关管理制度的强制实施是最有效的;随着经济水平的提高,全面的结构调整以保护生态环境得以展开;而当经济水平向更高层次迈进后,技术进步的效用将会最终显现。更多还原

【Abstract】 The conflict between environment and economic development, such as increasing population, resource scarcities, soil desertification, greenhouse effect, acid rain, etc, has been more and more serious over past decades, and now become the most difficulty in the process of constructing harmonious society in China. Without the effective mechanism of environment protecting or treatment, man couldn’t transform the traditional mode of economic development, thus solving the crisis of environment drastically is just a fantasy for all of us. On this terms, the text has took the means and methods of environment protecting and treatment as the breakthrough point, and try to find the functions of concerned factors on environmental optimization in different phases, though analysis of mechanism of different measures against environmental pollution, and give demonstrations with models. As a result, the suggestions of helping finding a scientific developing way for consideration based on local conditions is also provided.In this thesis, we hold that men are always the ruling consideration in the relation between men and environment. So, as long as the means of environment protecting and treatment are rational, scientific, and effective, the purpose of achieving harmony among environment and economy will come true. The major content and innovation in this thesis is that we research the relations between environment and economics from an unique angle of view, that is to say, we take the economic structure, the technical level the management system as whole into consideration, analysis the contribution of factors’ in the process of environmental optimization in different phases.Taking Zhejiang for example, it shows: 1. Over the past decades, the government of Zhejiang province has taken steps on pollution treatment, structure adjustment, and technical advancement, some achievements have been also acquired to a certain extent, and as a result, the discharging amount of pollution has been decreased. 2. The influence factors have played an increasing role in the development of economics. 3. There exist different results during different period with difference means in the process of environmental optimization. First stage, when economics at a low level, the most efficient method is government’s management. With the development of economics, the adjustment of industry structure in order to protect environment has been unfolded. Until at the highest level of economics, the function of technical advancement come into true.更多还原