【作者】 杨小环；

【导师】 姚满生； 王宏富；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 采用随机区组设计的方法,盆栽研究了不同化控方法处理谷种后不同除草剂对谷子的安全性情况,探讨了不同方法下不同除草剂对谷子株高、叶面积、地上部鲜重等形态指标和叶绿素相对含量、超氧歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性、可溶性糖含量、光合速率、蒸腾强度、气孔导度等生理指标的影响,结果表明:活性炭与硅藻土5:5拌种后,2,4-D丁酯(0.09ml/m2)土壤处理对谷子较安全,无论形态指标还是生理指标都较正常,产量水平与对照也无显著差异。乙阿合剂(0.10ml/m2)土壤喷施试验盆一个月后,播种用三种杀菌剂浓度(敌克松1.7%、多菌灵1.0%、瑞毒霉0.6%)拌硅藻土包衣的谷种,收获发现:三种杀菌剂拌种都能有效缓解乙阿合剂的药害,尤其瑞毒霉0.6%、多菌灵1.0%拌种后还有增产效果。它们分别比对照增产10.0%、1.8%,比只用硅藻土包衣,土壤喷施乙阿合剂的处理增产30.9%、21.3%。其它处理方法如三种杀菌剂浓度拌活性炭、硅藻土包衣谷种后扑草净土壤处理,发现缓解药害效果不明显;多效唑浸种后,谷子生长至4-5 叶期时2,4-D 丁酯(0.07ml/m2)、收乐通(0.04ml/m2)茎叶处理,发现不能解决由2,4-D 丁酯带来的植株较低的主要问题;不能缓解收乐通带来的心叶枯死的药害问题,但其浸种后较强大的根系能使受伤的谷子重新分蘖,而且分蘖后生长旺盛。因为相当于延长了谷子的生育期,所以对我们无多大的利用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through pot experiment with randomized block design, this paper studied the effects of different herbicides by using different ways on millet such indicators as crop height, leaf area, fresh weight, as well as physiological indicators like level of chlorophyll, SOD, POD, soluble sugar. The results showed that: 2,4-D(0.09ml/m2)were safety and better herbicides on the millet wrapped with the ratio of 5 to 5 of active carbon to diatomite. One month after soil treat spraying mixture of Acetochlor and Atrazine, planting millet seed wrapped by three bactericide(Fenaminosulf1.7%; Carbendazim1.0%; Matalaxyl0.6%) and diatomite, measuring the millet yield, the result show that, the three bactericides can alleviate damage of the mixture of Acetochlor and Atrazine to millet, especially millet wrapped Matalaxyl and by Carbendazim , millet yield had been increased 10.0%, 1.8% comparing with CK, increased 30.9%、21.3% comparing with the treatment wrapped only by using diatomite and sprayed with mixture of Acetochlor and Atrazine. Such chemical regulating measures as using bactericide and diatomite and active carbon wrapping the millet can’t alleviate damage of Prometryne to millet. At 4-5 leaf stage, spraying 2,4-D to millet dipped in PP333, millet height became lower; spraying Clethodim to millet,the millet dipped in PP333 can’t alleviate the damage of Clethodim to new leaf,but strong root system making damaged millet reramifing,then blooming. But this would prolong growing stage of millet, so it is useless in practical application.更多还原