【作者】 丁剑刚；

【导师】 张正义；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 高等教育学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪,中国现代意义的大学先是模仿德国、日本,中间受影响于美国,后来唯前苏联马首是瞻,在蹒跚中成长,在曲折中前进。20世纪80年代,特别是90年代末以来,我国高等教育有了长足发展,同时实践中也遇到了世界高等教育发展史上似曾相识的问题,比如,高等教育大众化与高等教育质量问题,通才教育与专才教育问题,人文教育与科学教育问题,现代大学的理想、使命、功能问题,等等。这些都是任何希望有所作为的大学校长必需考虑的重要问题。因为大学校长是大学的灵魂,学校成功的关键。只有高素质的校长才能办出高质量的学校。教育的发展有自身规律可循,中国高等教育的时代病,大都能从教育发达国家的教育发展史中得到医治启示。中国高等教育实践迫切需要借鉴、吸收各国高等教育办学过程的经验、教训,实现跨越式发展。赫钦斯(Robert Maynard Hutchins,1899～1977)是20世纪美国著名的教育改革家,永恒主义教育哲学的主要代表,而立之年就任芝加哥大学校长,开始了长达22年的卓有成效的校长生涯。20世纪初期美国的社会背景与当下中国有许多相似之处,赫钦斯通过对当时社会背景下教育的考察与批判,创立、实践了自己鲜明的高等教育思想,特别是在芝加哥大学大刀阔斧地实施“芝加哥计划”和极力倡导的“西方名著阅读计划”,深刻地影响了美国高等教育,至今余响不绝,而且远远超出了本土范围。本文以赫钦斯高等教育思想及其高等教育实践作为研究对象,试图通过对一代伟大教育家思想的形成、发展及其大学校长职业生涯的考察,以初学者的勇气,从高等教育实际工作者的责任感出发,用稚嫩的理论思维,整理出一些清新的具有启发性的观点,可以对中国高等教育实践、中国大学校长产生一定的借鉴作用,以求有益于高等教育的发展。本文总结归纳出赫钦斯以哲学家的智慧、思想家的敏锐、宗教家的虔诚、“名星”般的魅力、开拓者的勇气、实践家的力行从事大学校长工作的结论,分析挖掘出对当代中国大学校长治校具有一定影响的几点启示,认为大学校长应该是大学文化的自觉建设者、大学校长应该是人格魅力出众的领导者、大学校长应该是以校长为己任的职业精英。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the 20th century ,the Chinese universities of modern sense copyed Germany Japan formerly, The middle period was influenced by the U.S. It followed former Soviet Union’s lead afterwards .It grew to maturity with difficulties and reverses, and goes forward arduously and tortuously In 1980’s , Particularly since the end of 1990’s ,the higher education in China have made considerable progress , at the same time we encountered the same problem that seemed to have arisen before in the development history of the world’s higher education .For instance , the problem of higher education in a popular style together with the higher education’s quality , the problem of education of a universal genius together with only educating , the problem of humanity education together with scientific knowledge education and the problem of modern university’s ideal mission function, etc They are all the significant problems must be considered by the university president who wants to attempt something and accomplish something ,for the university president is the spirit of the university and the key person in the success of the university Only president of quality is able to set up the educational institution of high quality The development of education has the regular pattern of itself to follow. The Chinese higher education’s disadvantages of the day can mostly obtain the healing inspiration through the development history of education of the educational developed countries The practice of Chinese higher education needs to use the experience of the other countries’ higher education in the process of running schools for reference and draw lessons from them to achieve the leaping over development style urgently. Robert Maynard Hutchins is a famous educational reformer and the main representative of educational philosophy of eternalism in the 20th century He took up his post as a president of the University of Chicago in his thirties and began his president’s career of 22 years with distinguished results更多还原