【作者】 康中和；

【导师】 章竞思；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 元认知能力是大学生的一种很重要的能力。大学生元认知能力就是关于大学生自己对自己的认知过程的认知能力,它是心理学研究的重要课题之一。从理论上讲,现有的大学生元认知能力的定义是开放的定义,而非封闭的,随着研究的深入,大学生元认知能力的概念和结构应该通过研究来有所发展。从实践上讲,大学生元认知能力在认知活动中发挥着关键的作用,它对于认知活动的进程和效果都有重要影响。大学生元认知能力的研究在大学生教育领域应用的最大价值就在于能最大限度地发挥大学生的潜能和在教育活动中的主体作用。“为迁移而教”是教育心理学的一个重要观点,也是教学中的一个重要目标,在教学活动中能够更多地关注大学生元认知能力方面的发展,教学将会收到更好的迁移效果,从而更好地促进大学生的学习,提高大学生的学业成就。心理学家们确信大学生元认知能力的培养、训练和提高在教育领域具有十分重要的实践意义和应用价值,大学生元认知能力的培养、训练和提高可以成为大学教育的直接目标。本研究采用了文献研究、深度访谈、问卷调查等研究方法,对大学生元认知能力的结构进行了研究。用探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析和回归分析等统计方法对数据进行处理。研究的主要结论有: 1.在文献综述、专家访谈和问卷调查的基础上,本研究提出大学生元认知能力包含如下几个方面:元认知计划、元认知监控、元认知调节、元认知评价。 2.对大学生元认知能力结构的探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析表明,本研究所编制的量表的结构效度良好。 3.相关分析和回归分析两项效标关联效度的分析表明,大学生元认知能力量表的效标效度良好。 4.在性别差异上,男、女大学生在元认知监控、元认知调节两种能力上不存在差异,而在元认知计划、元认知评价两种能力上存在差异,男生的成绩高于女生。 5.在年级差异上,除了元认知监控和元认知调节两种能力上不存在年级差异以外,元认知计划和元认知评价这两种能力都存在年级差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 The metacognitive ability of college student is a very important ability. It is a cognitive ability with regard to own cognitive phenomena. It is one of important task in psychological research. The investigations about the metacognitive ability of college student take on quite crucial significance in academic aspect or one of practice. On the one hand, the definition of the metacognitive ability of college student is on-limits in theory. The structure should be progressed by investigation. On the other hand, the most merit about the study of the metacognitive ability of college student is that in practice it can bring into play undergraduate potential and their effect of principal part. In addition, the metacognitive ability of college student exerts pivotal function in their cognitive activities. It brings to bear important impact to their cognitive course and effect. "Transference serve as a purpose of teaching" is a important point of view in educational psychology. The teaching would take on even better impression if we can pay more attention to the aspect of the metacognitive ability of college student in course of activities of teaching. In this way, teaching can improve undergraduate academic achievement and would take on the effect of transference better. Psychologists are certain of fostering; training and advancement on the metacognitive ability of college student are provided with quite important practice meaning and applied account. That is to say, it should turn into immediate objective in colleging. This thesis adopted some research methods such as literature study 、 deep interview and questionnaire investigation for investigating the structure of The metacognitive ability of college student. In addition, the study used Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis to process data. The main findings are:1. The metacognitive ability of college student is composed of four factors. They are: metacognitive planning 、 metacognitive monitoring 、 metacognitive regulating and metacognitive evaluating.2. The study to the structure of the metacognitive ability of college更多还原