【作者】 张晋；

【导师】 乔瑞金；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 罗默社会公正思想运用新古典经济学的分析方法从剥削、阶级的非正义性入手,将其建立在分配正义的概念之上,他通过分析和重构剥削和阶级理论,根据新时代的需要,对马克思剥削理论的许多重要结论进行论证,从而在此基础上讨论了公正、平等、民主等当代社会政治问题。 罗默把剥削作为一个反映生产资料原始占有不公正的标准术语,并由此建立了他的社会公正理论:生产资料所有权的差别是造成剥削不公正的根源。按照这一观点,如果一个人正当地拥有更多的生产资料(因为这是他通过辛勤劳动和汗水而一点一滴积聚起来的,别人本来可以做到,但却没有),人们自愿地同他不平等地交换劳动,那么,在道德上是无可指责的。然而,如果因为某人不正当地拥有更多的生产资料,然后他就是利用某种不正当的途径占有别人的利益。这时,人们自愿地在为不平等地劳动交换讨价还价中,才存在着值得控诉的剥削。 罗默在分析其社会公正形成的历史基础上,形成了自己社会公正的独特理论体系。并通过其自身的严密逻辑以及新古典经济学中合作博弈的方法,阐释了其社会公正思想的核心即生产资料所有权的差别是造成社会不公正的根源。罗默认为,剥削的非正义性来源于财产分配的非正义性,资本家之所以通过较少的付出从工人那里榨取更多的劳动来剥削工人是因为不公正的生产资料私人占有制使两者的不平等交换成为可能。这样,社会公正的实现首先是分配公正的实现。而只有实行生产资料的公有制,才能实现分配公正,才能真正地拥有社会公正。更多还原

【Abstract】 Roemer began his idea of community justice with the injustice of exploitation and class, established it on the basis of distribution justice concept by using the new classical economy analysis method. In order to meet time’s need, he expounded and proved many conclusions of Marx’s exploitation theory by analyzing and reconstructing exploitation as well as class theory, so can he talk over the current social political problems such as justice, equality and democraly.Roemer took exploitation as the standard terminology which reflects the injustice in primitive material possession, and established his theory of justice of community: It is the divergence of material proprietary that originated the injustice of exploitation. According to Roemer, if one owns more materials properly (those materials are accumulated step by step during his hard work, anyone else can do this, but they fail) and others exchange labor with him unequally but voluantarily, then he should not be criticized morally. However, if more materials one possesses are improper, then he possesses other’s profit in a improper way. Only in this case there will be accusable exploitation in the haggle for unequal labor exchange, even though voluntarily.Roemer reached his unique justice of community theory system on the basis of giving historical analysis to the form of community justice. Besides, he interpreted with tight logic of the theory and cooperative game method in the new classical economy that the center of his idea is the divergence of material proprietary originated the injustice of exploitation. According to Roemer, injustice of exploitation arises from the injustice of property distribution. The reason that capitalist can extort more labor and exploit workers with less price is exactly that the unjust material private ownership, it makes unequal exchange possible. Thus the realization of distribution justice is primary for the realization of the community justice. While only更多还原