【作者】 胡慕陶；

【导师】 徐充；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 市场自产生以来就存在着外部性和信息不对称等失灵现象,因此,对资源的配置不能达到“帕累托效率”。本文针对市场失灵在我国同样存在的条件下,作为完善市场机制的制度设计而登上了历史舞台的政府管制制度在我国垄断行业的应用。政府管制属于政府的微观管理职能,它作为资源配置的一种方式,弥补市场配置资源的不足。通过采取有效的管制措施,可以提高垄断行业的效率。本文通过借鉴美英两国在政府管制制度改革方面取得的成果,分析了我国现存政府管制制度的弊端和形成的原因,提出了建立适合我国国情的政府管制制度及相应的配套措施的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problem this paper studied is the government regulation of the monopoly industry in our country. First of all, according to the concrete national conditions of our country, the monopoly industry is divided into three kinds of forms, they are natural monopoly, market monopoly and administrate monopoly. It has a important character that natural monopoly is mixed with administrate monopoly, but market monopoly has not turned to the certain scale in our country as the main form of the western monopoly industry of developed country. So it is decided that we studied natural monopoly and administrate monopoly. In order to make “Pareto efficiency”into reality, the government adopts price control and entry control and tries its best to reduce losses of efficiency. During the transition from planned economic system to the market economic system in our country, the market mechanism is imperfect. But the government regulation still exist drawbacks, although it is an effective addition to market mechanism in the course of resource distribution. First, the government regulation agency is not dependent. It is usually responsible to the enterprises of the monopoly industry. It is apt to form the interest alliance between the agency and the enterprises. The power of regulation about the same enterprise is often dispersed into a lot of different agencies .It is easy to be the power vacuum. Second, the method of regulation is backward. Such as in the course of price control, it is very difficult for the agency to grasp the true price which enterprises took. Third, the agency lacks the corresponding supervision. The regulators have formed the long-term interest alliance with the persons regulated. They have a motive to make the policy which is favorable to the person regulated. So this has influenced efficiency of supervision. Fourth, the regulators lack corresponding legal basis when they make policy. It is not favorable to restrain the behavior of the persons regulated. The reformations of the government regulation system in the United States and Great Britain have been in leading position all the time in the whole world. In the process of historical development, through analyzing and comparative with the reformations of them, we draw the conclusion that with the development of science and technology the border of the natural monopoly industry shrinks constantly. The government should relax the regulation about economical operation, dispel the unreasonable regulation and introduce competition mechanism. But the shrinking range is not meaning that the disappearance of the natural monopoly industry. Deregulation is not equal to any interference. In some places the regulation even need strengthen. There are relative perfecting regulatory legislation and supervision mechanism when the United States and Great Britain reformed. This guaranteed corresponding basis and higher transparency when the policy was made and improved efficiency of regulation. From the analysis above, we should not only absorb the strong point of the regulation system of the United States and Great Britain but also innovate our regulation system according to the real national conditions of our country. Firstly, we should break the administrate monopoly and make the range of the government regulation narrow. Utilizing the recombination of the market structure, we separate the competitive market structure from the already existing market monopoly structure and make the range of the government regulation narrow, so as to form the effective competition pattern. Deepen the reformations of the property regulation, reduce the threshold of the market access, form pluralism of the investment subject, permit the private capital to enter the monopoly industry, and improve the vigor of enterprises. Secondly, we should set up the modern system of government regulation. In order to set up the government regulation system, this paper analyzed更多还原