【作者】 王学东；

【导师】 王殿武； 李贵宝；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 当前,水资源短缺成为制约我国社会经济发展的关键因素,除资源性淡水不足外,水体污染也是重要的一个环节,因此污水控制与治理已是当务之急。研究和应用合理、有效的废水处理方法和手段就成为普遍关注的焦点。本文采用动态土柱和静态降解试验相结合的方法对湿地土壤净化污水中苯酚的能力进行了深入系统地研究,并进一步探讨了影响湿地土壤净化苯酚能力的因素。试验结果表明:①不同处理下的湿地土壤在动态条件下对苯酚的净化能力有着明显的差别,当苯酚浓度分别为40 mg/L、100 mg/L、200 mg/L时,不同土柱处理下的湿地土壤对每个浓度的苯酚净化能力都呈现出以下特点:填充模拟土柱>原状不生长芦苇土柱>原状生长芦苇土柱。填充模拟土柱对三个浓度苯酚的净化率均大于99%,平均净化率为99.70%,随着浓度的增大净化率逐渐减小。和另外两个土柱相比,随时间的变化填充模拟土柱对同一浓度苯酚的净化率变化不明显;原状不生长芦苇土柱对三个浓度苯酚平均净化率为95.57%,净化率随时间的变化整体呈下降趋势;原状生长芦苇土柱对苯酚的平均净化率最低,仅为84.75%,随时间的变化,净化率有一定的变化,尤其对高浓度苯酚的净化,净化率随时间变化较为明显。三个土柱处理下湿地土壤对苯酚的净化率受苯酚挥发及自然净化的影响相对较小,土柱进出水pH值和其净化率的比较从侧面反映了芦苇根呼吸及根分泌物可能是影响湿地土壤净化苯酚能力的关键因素。②不同处理下的湿地土壤在静态条件下对苯酚的净化能力有着明显的差别,未生长芦苇的试验池对苯酚的去除效果十分明显,在试验开始后一天内净化率达到97.75%,随后净化能力变小,五天后对试验池内苯酚的总净化率为99.42%;生长芦苇的试验池试验开始后一天内苯酚浓度只降低了35.4 mg/L,净化率为26.42%,五天后对污水中苯酚的总净化率为69.72%,五天的净化率变化不大,五天内的净化能力远远低于未生长芦苇的试验池。③湿地土壤对苯酚的吸附能力受多种因素的影响,在本试验条件下,苯酚浓度在6.9 mg/L～46.37 mg/L范围内随着浓度的增高,湿地土壤对其吸附能力也逐渐增大;苯酚在土壤中滞留的时间越长,土壤对其吸附效果越好;同林地相比,芦苇能明显增大湿地土壤的入渗率,从而影响湿地土壤对苯酚的净化效果;非根际土壤较根际土壤对苯酚具有更强的吸附能力,这可能和芦苇能使水体及根际土壤pH值减小有关;经过四次吸附以后,非根际土壤比根际土壤多吸附6.7 mg/kg土苯酚;在土壤粒径分别为0.25～0.5 mm、0.5～1mm、1～2 mm、2～5 mm、5～7 mm时,粒径为0.5～1 mm土壤对苯酚的吸附效果最好。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, water resource shortage becomes the key factor of restricting economic development of our country, besides inadequate natural endowment, the water pollution is an important one factor too, so it is high time for controlling the sewage letting and sewage father, studying and using rational, effective waste water treatment method and means become focuses problem that research workers generally pay close attention to. In order to study the purification ability of reed wetland soil and influence factors of the phenol, the dynamic soil column method and static degradation method was conducted, the results indicated that: (D Wetland soil with different treatments have obvious differences to the purifying efficiency of phenol under the dynamic condition. In treatment of test, there are 3 groups of phenol concentration (40 mg/L、 100mg/L、 200 mg/L), the difference of purifying capacity to phenol among 3 kinds of soil columns treatment is rather distinct, under 3 groups of concentration, capacity of each column display following feature: Filling simulation soil column > Soil column without reed growing in original state > Soil column with reed growing in original state. Purifying capacity of filling simulation column under 3 concentrations is higher than 99.0%, with average rate of 99%. Along with the accretion of concentration of phenol, the capacity of filling simulation columns reduces. Comparison with the other two columns, purifying rate of filling simulation soil column doesn’t change much to phenol of the same concentration. The average purifying rate of Soil column without reed growing in original state is 95.57% to phenol of three concentrations. Along with the change of time, purifying rate of filling simulation soil column take on a downward trend wholly. Purifying rate of Soil column with reed growing in original state is the lowlist, with average rate only of 84.75%, and the purifying rate change very much with the time changes, especially to the phenol of high concentrations. The effect of phenol national degradation and volatilization is less to the clearing ability to phenol with three columns treatment of wetland soil, the key factor that may be affected the purification ability of wetland soil is reed root breathing and secretion, which can be reflected in flank by influent and effluent pH value in each soil column treatment. (2) Wetland soil with更多还原