美国高校服务学习研究

【作者】 包睿欣；

【导师】 薛彦华；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 服务学习是美国高校非常有特色的一项教学策略,它隶属于经验教育的范畴,在传统的服务性活动的基础上发展而来。美国高校服务学习的独特性就在于它突破了传统的服务性活动,将学生的社区服务和课程学习结合起来,两者相辅相成、相互促进。在服务中应用课堂上所学的知识,提高服务质量:用从服务中所积累的经验促进学术学习的发展,同时还培养了学生的公民意识。本文分四个部分对美国高校服务学习进行了分析和研究。 第一部分简要介绍了美国高校服务学习的产生历程,以及今天美国的大多数高校服务学习活动的进行情况。 第二部分阐述了美国高校服务学习的基本理论。在该部分首先介绍了美国高校服务学习确立的依据,认为服务学习属于经验教育的一种,经验教育为服务学习的发展提供了丰富的理论基础。其次介绍了不同学者(或机构)以及作者对服务学习的界定,归纳总结了美国高校服务学习的特点及作用。 第三部分对美国高校服务学习过程进行了分析。在该部分阐述了美国高校服务学习的参与者的定位,服务学习过程中应遵循的基本原则,以及服务学习过程的基本环节。 文章最后对美国高校服务学习的发展趋势进行了预测,并提出了服务学习存在的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Service-learning in American universities and colleges is a teaching strategy with its distinguishing feathers. It belongs to the experiential education, and it emerged and developed on the basis of traditional service. The key feather of service-learning is that it can break through the traditional service. It connects the students’ community service with their academic study, and these two aspects are reciprocal to each other. It applies the knowledge from the class into the service so that enhancing the service quality, and also uses the experience from the service to promote the academic achievement. And in the meanwhile it fosters the students’ civic and citizenship consciousness.The essay analyses American service-learning in universities and colleges from four parts:The first part simply introduces the developmental process of service-learning and introduces the present situation of service-learning in American universities and colleges.The second part analyses the basic theories of service-learning. This part firstly introduces the theoretical foundation of service-learning, confirming that the service-learning belongs to the experiential education and the experiential education offers the theoretical basis for it. Secondly, this part introduces the different definitions of service-learning from different experts or organizations, also putting forth the writer’s own definition for service-learning. And then, this part induces and summarizes the characteristics and the significance of service-learning.The third part analyses the practice process of service-learning in American universities and colleges. In this part, the essay elaborates the orientation of every participant taking part in service-learning. This part also introduces the essential steps to practise the service-learning and some principles which must be followed in the practice process.The fourth part forecasts the trends of service-learning’s development and poses some problems existing in service-learning.更多还原