【作者】 高迎爽；

【导师】 李文英；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 教育史， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 美国是学分制发展最为成熟完善的国家。美国高校学分制在从19世纪70年代至今一百多年的历史长河中经历了自由学分制—限制学分制—全面发展的学分制三个阶段,是一个不断发展完善的过程。学分制的发展在课程改革、教学管理的改进方面都为美国高等教育的发展提供了有力的支持。 美国高校学分制的顺利实施有其深刻的原因,美国人的思想文化观念为学分制的实施提供了思想基础,美国的教育体制为其提供了制度保障,美国社会经济制度和社会需求也为学分制的创立与发展提供了物质前提和发展空间。美国高校学分制具有其独特的特点,它促进了美国高校课程的社会化、科学化和综合化,从而加强了美国高等教育的大众化、现代化、国际化的发展趋势。美国高校学分制的发展从其建立的社会环境、教育体制和学校的内部环境各个方面都为我国高校开展的学分制改革提供了有益启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 The credit system of American universities has the ripest and perfect development form in the U.S.A. It has gone through three stages in the long historical river of more than 100years from 1870s to the present time: the free credit system-the restrictive credit system——the full-developed credit system. It becomes more and more perfect constantly. The development of the credit system has offered strong support to the improvement of the curriculum reform, teaching management as well as the development of American higher education.The success of the credit system of American universities has its deep reasons. It can find its thought foundation in Americans’ ideology and culture. And it can find its system guarantee from the structure of education of the U.S.A.. What’s more, American social economic system and social demand have offered the material prerequisite and development space for the establishment and development of the credit system. The credit system of American universities has its unique characteristics .It has promoted the process of socialization, scientification and systhesization of the curriculum in the American universities. Thus the development of the credit system of American universities has strengthened the popularization, modernization, and internationalization trend of the American higher education. From the developmental history of the credit system, we can gain some useful instructions ,such as how to set up a fittest social environment, a scientific structure of education and a well interior environment of the school for the credit system in the universities. After all, it can benefit the present credit system reform in our Chinese universities.更多还原