【作者】 王军晓；

【导师】 潘炯玺；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 高分子材料学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对可发性酚醛树脂合成条件及影响酚醛泡沫性能的因素进行了研究与探讨。通过对可发性酚醛树脂合成的研究,摸索出用于发泡酚醛树脂的最佳条件和工艺,这是本实验拟以解决的关键问题。在合成综合性能较好的酚醛树脂的基础上,通过对发泡配方的研究,制备出性能好的酚醛泡沫。同时对酚醛泡沫和聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性进行了比较。 在对可发性酚醛树脂合成的研究中,讨论了反应温度、反应时间、甲醛和苯酚摩尔比、催化剂CaO用量对树脂理化指标的影响。通过正交实验和单因素试验筛选出合成可发性酚醛树脂较适宜的反应条件。研究表明:反应温度是影响树脂粘度、固含量、聚合速度等树脂理化指标的首要因素,在反应开始时间为1h内游离甲醛含量变化大,树脂的水稀释度降低明显。 分析了树脂粘度和固含量对泡沫体性能的影响,给出了可操作性和泡沫体综合性能较好的酚醛树脂指标,实验发现:发泡的酚醛树脂的粘度需控制2000～4000cP,树脂固含量在78～81%。 在确定树脂粘度和固含量的前提下,考察了发泡温度、发泡剂、固化剂等对泡沫体性能的影响及泡沫体热、阻燃性研究。结果表明:温度的升高有利于发泡,温度过高时,泡沫发生穿孔的现象。固化剂用量增大,泡沫起泡时间和指干时间均缩短,其用量在16～18%时,泡沫体质量较好。发泡剂用量增大到一定的程度后,实验结果显示,泡沫表观密度变化不大。通过对酚醛泡沫与聚氨酯泡沫的TG和CONE实验,结果表明:酚醛泡沫阻燃性优异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Synthetic conditions of foaming phenolic resin and factors effecting on properties of phenolic foam were studied in this work. Optimum conditions that were the key problems to be resolved were found by researching phenolic resin used in foam, on the basis of which, factors of phenolic foam were investigated, the ways of getting good properties of foam were found. The fire retardancies of PF and PU were compared.The parameters that affected indexes of foamable resin including reaction time, reaction temperature, CaO catalyst content as well as the mole ratio of phenol and formaldehyde were studied. The lab conditions of foamable resin by orthogonal and single factor experiments were found. The results showed that reaction temperature was the key parameter of affecting viscosity and solid content of resin and polymerization rate. Formaldehyde content and water thinned degree changed obviously within one hour of reaction.The effects of viscosity and solid content of resin on properties of foam were investigated, indexes of resin of operation available and getting good properties of foam were given: viscosity and solid content of resin should be controlled at 2000~ 4000 cP and 78~81%.When viscosity and solid content of resin were determined, the effects of foaming temperature, blowing agent and acid catalyst on properties of foam were discussed, such conclusions were draw: higher foaming temperature was beneficial to getting good foam, but too higher foaming temperature led to perforation. The more acid catalyst content, rise time and tack free time of foam were shorter, but it更多还原