一株黄原酸盐生物降解菌的特性研究

【作者】 张萍；

【导师】 孙水裕；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 黄原酸盐（ROCSSNa,俗称黄药）是有色金属硫化矿浮选中经常使用的有机浮选药剂。本文首先从含黄药的硫化矿精矿浓缩溢流废水中驯化筛选出高效降解黄药的菌株;然后考查了高效降解菌株降解黄药的最佳条件,如pH、温度、振荡速度、底物浓度等,并探索了黄药生物降解的机理,为江苏南京栖霞山锌阳矿业有限公司浮选废水的生物净化处理提供了理论基础;最后采用生理生化特征法和16S rDNA序列分析法鉴定菌株。 从浮选废水中经富集分离到一株能以黄原酸盐为唯一碳源的黄原酸盐降解菌ZP。菌株ZP在牛肉膏蛋白胨固体培养基上菌落为深绿色,产生水溶性绿色素弥漫整个平板,革兰氏染色阴性,呈杆状,无鞭毛。采用16S rDNA序列分析法对菌株进行鉴定,结果表明,菌株的16S rDNA的核苷酸序列与铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）同源性为99.7%,该核苷酸序列已被GenBank收录,登录号为AY948991。通过对ZP菌株菌落形态的观察及生理生化特征的分析,结合16S rDNA序列同源性比较,鉴定菌株ZP为铜绿假单胞菌。 本文研究了降解黄药菌株ZP的生长和降解特性,结果表明:菌株ZP能高效降解黄药,降解率可达95%以上,降解黄原酸盐的最适条件为:pH为8,温度30℃,振荡速率120r/min。当黄原酸盐浓度达到1500mg/L时,24h后浓度降解率为95.7%,COD_cr去除率为84.7%。当加入0.2g/L的葡萄糖时可大大提高菌对黄原酸盐的降解率。 紫外分光光度法和COD_cr测定法推测了菌株ZP降解黄药的生化途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xanthate is one of the organic flotation agents used in flotation wastewater of sulfide mine frequently.The thesis first studied domesticating and screening highly-effective-xanthate-degradation strain from flotation wastewater of sulfide mine which contains xanthates. And then, we studied the optimization of degradation conditions and explored the mechanisms of xanthate biodegradation by strain ZP. The conditions include pH value, temperature, shaker rotation and so on. This thesis provides academic sustains on biodegrading flotation wastewater for Nanjing Xinyang Mine Company. At last, we identified the strain ZP by the means of physiological properties and 16s rDNA sequence analysis.A bacterial strain ZP was isolated from flotation wastewater, which could grow with xanthate as the sole source of carbon and energy. The colony of ZP is bottle green on the solid culture medium of beef extract, because the bacterial strain ZP is able to produce water-solubility pigment. The strain is gramreaction-negative, rod and nonflagella. The sequence analysis of a 1500bp 16S rDNA fragment amplified from total DNA of strain ZP was used to identify ZP. The results showed that strain ZP shares 99.7% 16S rDNA sequence homology with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The 16S rDNA sequence of the strain ZP has been embodied by GenBank and the entry number is AY948991. Finally strain ZP was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa through morphological characteristics, physiological properties and 16S rDNA.The examination of cell growth and degradation characteristics of strain ZP was conducted in the further studies. The results showed that the strain ZP can highly degrade xanthates and the biodegradation rates were above 95%. The optimum pH, temperature and shaking speed of xanthate-degrading are 8.0, 30℃ and 120r/min , respectively. The biodegradation rate can reach 95.7% and 84.7% of COD_cr removed after 24 hour’s incubation when the concentration reaches 1500mg/L. Adding the glucose at the concentration of 0.2g/L could greatly enhance degrading efficiency.更多还原