【作者】 张小琴；

【导师】 潘湛昌；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 应用化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用反相悬浮聚合法,以过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,环己烷为分散相,通过多元共聚的方法,在聚丙烯酸体系中引入多种不同类型的功能基团。通过测试树脂的吸液性能、吸液速率、保水性、凝胶强度,用IR对树脂结构进行表征以考察不同官能团之间的协同效应及他们对聚合树脂的各种性能的贡献。并研究了各反应的最佳实验条件。主要研究内容与结果如下: 采用反相悬浮法使得丙烯酸分别与五种类型单体依次聚合,实验表明共聚产物性能均优于丙烯酸自聚。并且在提高树脂性能上存在如下规律:树脂亲水性:a-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠(AMPSNa)>二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DADMAC)>甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPM)>丙烯酰胺(AM);耐盐性:2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠>甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯>二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵>丙烯酰胺;保水率和凝胶强度:二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵>甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯>丙烯酰胺>2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠;2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵都能提高吸水速率。 二元聚合中,保持丙烯酸中和度为80%,交联剂、引发剂占单体总质量分数分别为0.15%、2.0%不变时,分别对单体组成为AA&AM、AA&SNa、AA&DADMAC、AA&HPM进行不同配比的共聚,通过性能测试得出单体之间的最佳聚合配比为:n(AA):n(AM)=0.7;n(AA):n(AMPSNa)=0.85;n(AA):n(HPM)=0.8;n(AA):n(DADMAC)=0.9。 采用反相悬浮法进行三元聚合时,实验结果表明P(AA/AMPSNa/AM)的性能优于P(AA/AMPSNa/DADMAC)和P(AA/AMPSNa/HMP),并且三聚物的性能均优于同类二元聚合物的性能。P(AA/AMPSNa/AM)聚合的最佳实验条件为:单体配比n(AA):n(AMPSNa):n(AM)=17:3:5,丙烯酸中和度为80%,交联剂、引发剂占聚合单体总质量分数分别为0.15%、2.0%;聚合温度为72℃。最佳性能:吸蒸馏水率651g/g;吸盐水率120g/g;保水率85%;弹性摸量48Mpa。 首次采用反相悬浮法合成了AA、AMPSNa、AM和DADMAC聚合的四元共聚物。当单体配比n(AA):n(AMPSNa):n(AM):n(DADMAC)=17:3:5:2.8,丙烯酸中和度为80%,交联剂质量分数为0.2%,引发剂质最分数为1.5%,反应温度是72℃时,有最佳性能:吸蒸馏水率770g/g;吸盐水率156g/g;保水率85%;弹性摸量45Mpa。体现了高耐盐性及保水率,性能优于同类的二元及三元聚更多还原

【Abstract】 Several different groups were introduced through several phases by inverse suspention polymerization using N,N-methy llenebis-acrylamide(NMBA) as cross linking agent, potassium persulfate(KPS) as initiator, cyclohexane as continousphase and Span-60 as suspension stabilizer. The cooperating functions between different groups were reviewed through testing water absorbency, anti-salt qulity, absorbency speed and mechanism capability .The structure was characterized by IR. The relationship between structure and capability was also studied. The main contents and results were as follows:Acrylic acid (AA) was respectively polymerized with acrylamide (AM), soldium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonate (AMPSNa), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPM) and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) by inverse suspention polymerization.The rules indicated that for improving the water absorbency of the copolymer,AMPSNa>DADMAC>HPM>AM; for improving anti-salt capability, AMPSNa>HPM>DADMAC>AM;for improving the water retentivity and mechanism capability,DADMAC>HPM>AM>AMPSNa. Water absorbing speed can be improved by AMPSNa and DADMAC.When AA&AM, AA&SNa, AA&DADMAC, AA& HPMA were respectively polymerized by inverse suspention polymerization under these condition:crosslinker concentration is 0.15%; initiator concentration is 2.0%; degree of neutralization is80%; dispersion agents concentration is 2%; the temperature is 72℃. The optimalproportions were: n(AA):n(AM)=0.7;n(AA):n(AMPSNa)=0.85; n(AA):n(HPM)=0.8;n(AA):n(DADMAC) = 0.9 .When AA was polymerized with AMPSNa and AM by inverse suspention polymerization with the mol proportions were n (AA):n (AMPSNa):n (AM) = 17:3:5 , the result indicated: the water absorbency is 651g/g,saline water absorbency is 120g/g,water retentivity is 85% and the elastic modulus is 48Mpa . The optimal condition: crosslinker concentration 0.15%; initiator concentration 2.0%;degree of neutralization 80%; dispersion agents concentration 2.0%;the temperature is 72℃ .更多还原