【作者】 韩佳；

【导师】 黄春长；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 全新世与人类关系密切,人类文明在这一时期获得了迅速的发展和进步,揭示全新世的气候变化对于认识现阶段地理环境及其发展趋势也有重要的意义。在阐明全新世气候波动及其区域性差异的研究中,年代是不可缺少的条件。释光测年是本世纪五十年代发展起来的一种测年方法,具有巨大的发展潜力。 释光测年的主要对象是含有石英、长石等矿物的沉积物（如深海沉积物、黄土、沙漠、河湖沉积物、地层等）和经过受热事件的物质（如陶器、砖、古窑、瓦、火山物质等）。陶器在烧制时温度常常超过600℃,由此将使原有释光信号归零,因此,陶片是较理想的释光测年对象。近年来广泛应用的是单片技术,其优点为样品用量少、不需要归一化、精度高等。本文运用单片再生剂量法测定了陶片细颗粒样品的蓝光释光（BLSL）、红外后的蓝光释光（Post-IR BLSL）和红外释光（IRSL）的等效剂量D_e值,并对等效剂量D_e进行了释光信号灵敏度的变化和回复信号的实验和校正,对环境剂量率D_y进行了含水率、宇宙射线和氡逸散的校正,说明了单片再生剂量法对于黄土地层中陶片细颗粒样品的测年是可行的。为了提纯样品中的石英,本文对某些样品进行了HF溶蚀实验,溶蚀细颗粒样品中的长石以得到石英纯度更高的释光测试样品。 本文主要结论如下: （一） 对陶片细颗粒样品进行了蓝光释光（BLSL）、红外后的蓝光释光（Post-IRBLSL）和红外释光（IRSL）的细颗粒单片再生剂量法释光测年,测定了陶片样品的等效剂量D_e,并用固定的实验剂量校正De值,其再循环比（Recycling Ratio,R₅/R₁）均在1左右,说明此方法可以对释光灵敏度的变化进行很好的校正;校正后,0Gy再生剂量信号与天然信号的比值（R₄/N%）均在5%以下,且大部分在1—3%之间,说明回复信号可以忽略不计。 （二） 通过HF的溶蚀提纯石英实验,结果表明:使用HF溶蚀陶片样品时,样品的损失量与时间呈线性关系。通过对样品逐一进行石英的110℃峰的TL检验,发现用20%的HF溶蚀10min的样品,石英的110℃热释光峰最典型,因此可推论用此浓度和时间处理的样品,石英颗粒纯度高。缺点是样品的损失量较大,为56.54%。经20%的HF溶蚀10min处理过的样品,用细颗粒单片再生剂量法测得的三种光源的释光年龄一致性较好,且与考古年代最接近。此外,其再循环比（R₅/R₁）均在1左右,说明单片再生剂量法对所测样品的天然和再生剂量释光灵敏度变化都更多还原

【Abstract】 The Holocene was a period that had close relationship with mankind. Holocene environment evolution is an essential part of "Past Global Changes" (PAGES). It is very important to bring light to the laws of Holocene climatic variations for understanding current geographic environment and its trend of development. Dating is especially important to elaborate the characteristic of climatic variations and its regional discrepancy. Luminescence dating has developed in 1950s and has great potential.The main objects of the luminescence dating are sediments containing the minerals such as feldspar and quartz and the materials that were heated. When the pottery was fired, the temperature is usually higher than 600℃, so all the luminescence signals were set to zero. Then the radioactive isotopes in the environment emitted the α,β,γ radiation, which decayed the crystal structure of the minerals inside the pottery and the energy was deposited. Thus, pottery is a very suitable object for the luminescence dating. Recently, single-aliquot technique has been paid close attention in luminescence dating, because of its high precision, less quantity, and normalization is avoided in single-aliquot. This paper carried out the determination of the equivalent dose (De) of blue light stimulated luminescence, post-IR blue light stimulated luminescence and infrared stimulated luminescence with single-aliquot regenerative dose protocol, and corrected the changes in sensitivity using the OSL response to a subsequent test dose and the recycling ratio as well as determined and corrected the dose-rate (Dy), which verified the feasibility of the single-aliquot regenerative dose protocol in the luminescence dating to the fine-grain pottery. In order to purify the quartz from the samples, the samples were etched by hydrofluoric acid.The major conclusions are as follows:1. The BLSL, Post-IR BLSL and IRSL of the pottery were carried out and the equivalent dose and corrected the equivalent dose with subsequent test dose, the recycling ratio is around 1, which showed that sensitivity changes have been corrected. The sensitivity corrected zero dose regenerated signal is within 5% of the sensitivity corrected natural signal, which explained that the recuperation is negligible.更多还原