【作者】 图雅；

【导师】 袁秀英； 张星耀；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 森林经理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 树木溃疡病是一类危害严重的枝干病害,病原种类多,寄主范围广,症状复杂。研究期间采集了北京、江苏、内蒙、山东、河南、广东江门、山西等地区的树木溃疡类病害标本,对病原菌进行了分离培养、鉴定及多样性分析;首次对引起杨树水疱型溃疡病原菌菌株 A、B、C 进行了染色体 DNA 分离和制备,研究清其最佳产生条件,并对三菌株的染色体 DNA 的核型进行了研究。结果表明: 1.对采自北京、江苏、内蒙、山东、河南、广东江门、山西地区的杨树及无性系、桉树等 20 个树种的溃疡病标本进行组织分离,得到了 130 个病原真菌菌株,并对其标本及培养子实体结构显微观察,鉴定出 Dothiorella、Fusicoccum、Cytospora、Fusarium、Pestolotia、Phomopsis 和 Dothichiza7 属真菌,在国内首次发现 Fusicoccum侵染桉树,在枝干部形成溃疡斑,桉树是 Fusicoccum 的新寄主,研究了该病菌的生物、生理学特性。 2.对采自陕西、辽宁的典型水疱型杨树溃疡病三菌株(A、B、C)的染色体 DNA 的分离和制备最佳条件的筛选表明,用培养 4～5d 的菌丝体,在 35℃的水温下,pH6.0,0.6mol/L 硫酸镁配制成含 2%溶壁酶酶解处理 6～8h,染色体 DNA 产率最高、质量最好。 3.树木溃疡病菌株 A、B、C 的电泳核型初步研究发现,菌株 A、B 至少含有大小相同的两条染色体,一条染色体分子量为1125kb,另一条染色体分子量大于2200kb。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tree canker is a kind of most serious tree trunk disease which have a various of pathogens,a wide distribution of host and complex symptoms.The samples of tree canker were gathered from Beijing、Jiangsu province、Inner Mongolia province、Shandong province、Henan province、Guangdong Jiangmen、Shanxi province and so on.,then the pathogenic fungi were isolated,cultured, identified and its diversity was.analysed;the DNA isolation and preparation of strains A, B and C of poplar canker was studied for the first time and the optimum produce condition was verified,and karyotype of the three strains was studied, the results as follows: 1. 130 pathogenic strains were isolated from the 20 species of tree canker samples of poplars and poplar clones、eucalypt etc,which from Beijing, Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia、Shandong、Henan、Guangdong Jiangmen and Shanxi, which were identified Dothiorella、Fusicoccum、Cytospora、Fusarium、Pestolotia、Phomopsis and Dothichiza 7 species of fungi through ultrastructure studies on their samples and fruit-bodies.We found for the first time in China that Fusicoccum species could infect eucalypts and cause canker on stems. The eucalypt is a new host for Fusicoccum species and the biological and physiological characteristics were studied in the paper. 2. The studies of extraction and culture conditions optimization of chromosomal DNA strains (A、B、C) isolated from typical canker samples of Shannxi and Liaoning province showed that mycelium produced high quantity and quality chromosomal DNA when cultured 4～5d ,at the water temperature of 35℃,pH6.0 and 6~8h treatment with 2% cell wall degrading enzyme prepared by 0.6mol/L Magnesium sulfate solution. 3. The preliminary studies on electrophoretic karyotype of the pathogenic strains A, B and C showed that there were at least two same-size chromosomes in A and B strains, the molecular weights of which were 1125kb and above 2200kb respectively.更多还原