【作者】 武艳红；

【导师】 余兰山； 侯丽梅；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 物理课程与教学论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 《基础教育课程改革纲要(试行)》在关于基础教育课程改革的具体目标和课程设置中明确指出:“改变课程结构过于强调学科本位、科目过多和缺乏整合的现状,整体设置九年一贯的课程门类和课时比列,并设置综合课程,以适应不同地区和学生发展的需求,体现课程结构的均衡性、综合性和选择性。……”。“初中阶段设置分科与综合相结合的课程,主要包括……科学(或物理、化学、生物)……以及综合实践活动”。一门新的课程需要与其相应的课程资源作为依托,而在诸多的课程资源中具有主观能动性的人力课程资源是最为关键的第一资源。人力课程资源的开发利用成为任何一门课程顺利实施的首要解决的问题。 相应与此项改革,武汉市于2004年9月在全市初中七年级推行“科学”课实验。此次实验涉及范围广,又无太多成熟经验可以借鉴。在实施过程中遇到很多的困难。 就实验的具体情况,笔者进行了专门的调查和了解,通过文献分析、问卷调查、个别访谈、听课等方式在武汉市的几所中学和教研机构对一线教师、学生和教研员关于科学课的看法,实施情况,适应程度作了较为细致的了解。发现目前在科学课的实施中较为突出的困难仍在涉及到人力课程资源因素的方面。表现为科学课教师对科学课的认识不够,观念转变不过来,教学不适应,学生表现出对科学课极大的兴趣,但学习起来仍显得吃力,校长和学校其他科目老师对此有所疑虑,家长和社会人士不能理解支持等方面。 本篇论文主要是从科学课的教学一线着手对科学课涉及的人力课程资源现状和开发情况作了分析调查,对人力课程资源的开发作了初步的探索。分别从人力课程资源的概述,武汉市科学课人力课程资源开发现状,科学课人力课程资源开发的建议三方面进行了阐述。最后,对科学课实验的继续开展作出反思和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Compendium of the Curriculum Innovation in Fundamental Education (trying out) has pointed out that we should change the situation of too much emphasis on the subject standard, too many subjects and the shortage of integral domain in the curriculum configuration; we should set the curriculum sorts and class hour proportion for progressive 9-year system from an overall idea, set the integrative curriculum in order to meet different students’ needs in the process of development in different areas, and then, to embody the equilibrium, integration and selectivity in the curriculum configuration. "The junior high school should set a curriculum which combines departmentalization and integration, including science (physics, chemistry, biology) and integrative practice activity." A new course should base on corresponding curriculum resources, of which the motile human curriculum resource is the most important one. The exploitation and utilization of the human curriculum resources have become the key problems of every curriculum in its actualization.As a response to this innovation, we started the subject Science as an experiment in the first grade of every junior high school in Wuhan in September 2004. Since this experiment was implemented in a large area and we didn’t have any experience to use for reference, we encountered many difficulties.For details of this experiment, I did some investigations and inquisitions through analyzing literature, questionnaire, individual accessing, attending classes etc. I gathered different ideas and perspectives about the situations of actualization and adaption from a large number of middle school teachers, students and researchers. I discovered that the most difficult problem during the actualization of Science is referred to the aspects of human curriculum resources, such as the teachers’ lack of understanding of Science, having not changed the conception, not adapting to the teaching process; the students’ great interests in the Science course更多还原