【作者】 丁业掌；

【导师】 张天真；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 棉花是主要的经济作物,棉纤维是最重要的天然纺织原料,在世界及我国国民经济中占重要地位,因此,各产棉国都十分重视棉花纤维发育和遗传的研究。陆地棉种子外部通常有长绒纤维（lint）和短绒（fuzz）覆盖,都是由胚珠外珠被表皮层单细胞发育而成。新乡小吉无绒有絮是在新乡小吉无绒棉田里新发现的突变体。本研究用新乡小吉无絮与TM-1和徐州142无絮杂交,用徐州142无絮与徐州142杂交,用新乡小吉无绒有絮突变体与新乡小吉无絮、徐州142无絮以及隐性光籽n₂（带有已鉴定的n₂基因）杂交,共配制6个F₂组合和2个F_2:3家系来分析这两个陆地棉纤维突变体的遗传。本研究得出:（1） 遗传分析表明新乡小吉无絮与TM-1在纤维和短绒发育方面可能存在2个位点的差异;新乡小吉无绒有絮突变体是新乡小吉无絮控制纤维发育基因发生显性突变造成的,两者在棉纤维发育上仅有1个位点的差异。（2） 等位性测验表明控制新乡小吉无絮纤维和短绒发育的基因与控制徐州142无絮基因等位;控制新乡小吉无绒有絮突变体纤维和短绒发育的基因与隐性光籽n₂基因等位;控制新乡小吉无絮和徐州142无絮无短绒性状基因也与n₂基因等位。本研究认为纤维和短绒的遗传按一对性状遗传比按两对性状的遗传解释更为合理。这2个棉纤维突变体可以视为近等基因系,对揭示棉纤维发育遗传规律及其分子生物学研究具有重要价值。 本研究用（新乡小吉无绒有絮×徐州142无絮）F₂群体来定位控制纤维（lint）发育基因,用（新乡小吉无绒有絮×徐州142）F₂群体定位控制短绒（fuzz）发育基因,结果没有找到与纤维和短绒连锁的SSR标记,对没有找到与控制纤维和短绒发育连锁的SSR标记可能原因进行了探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cotton is an important cash crop. Its fiber is the most important natural textile material and it plays an important role in national economy of our country and all over the world .So all cotton growing countries pay great attention to the cotton researches on fiber development and inheritance. Usually the Upland cotton seeds are covered with lint and fuzz that result from elongation of the epidermal single cells of the ovule. Fuzzless-linted mutant of Xin （FLM） was a dominant mutant from XinWX. Inheritance of two fiber mutants was studied with 6 F₂ generations and 2 F₂:3 families from crosses XZ142WX × XZ142, XinWX × TM-1, XZ142WX and FLM × XinWX , XZ142WX and n₂ in Upland cotton. The main results are as follows: （1） Genetic analysis revealed that there were two different loci between XinWX and TM-1 in the development of fuzz and lint, and that FLM was a dominant mutant from XinWX and they had only one different locus in the development of lint. （2） Allelic tests indicated that the fuzzless-lintless genes of XinWX were allelic to that of XZ142WX and the fuzzless-linted genes of FLM were allelic to the recessive naked-seed gene n₂ It is more reasonable that inheritance of lint and fuzz may be analyzed by one pair of characters than by two pairs. These two fiber mutants might be looked as isogenic lines and would make notable roles in elucidating inheriting rules and researches on molecular biology of fiber.In this thesis, lint gene was tried to map with （FLM ×XZ142WX） F₂ and fuzz gene with （FLM×XZ142） F₂. No SSRs were linkaged with lint gene and fuzz gene, and the possible reasons were tentatively discussed.更多还原