【作者】 叶宪允；

【导师】 马镛；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 中国古典文献学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 书院是我国古代一种教育形式。书院历史悠久,在古代教育以及中国古代思想文化的发展传播中作用重大,有其独特的历史地位。正是由于书院在人才培养和民族精神的形成等诸多方面所具有的优越性,对书院的认识和研究至今仍有其现实意义。书院由于地域、时代、层次规模、文化学术背景等的不同,被不同时期的人们划分组合并冠以种种名号,既是对其特点的言简意赅的概括,也随之成为一种文化现象,如“宋代四大书院”、“宋代八大书院”、“泉州四大书院”等比比皆是。清代是书院发展的重要时期,福建地区的书院在清代书院中占有重要地位,而能够代表清代福建地区书院的则是“福州四大书院”,即鳌峰书院、凤池书院、正谊书院、致用书院。由于它们在清代福建地区书院中的位置,又同在省城福州,因而被各种文献并称为清代“福州四大书院”。清代福建具有省级规模的书院也就是这几所,故“福州四大书院”又被称为福建省的“省城四大书院”。它们在当时福建教育与文化发展中起着举足轻重的作用,且其影响并不局限于福建地区。本文主要研究清代福州四大书院的教育制度。主要分四个部分:一、本文写作依据和目的。四大书院对福建地区的书院发展具有重大的影响和示范作用。通过对四大书院研究,我们可以在一定程度上认识清代福州地区的书院的发展水准和基本情况,了解其官学化的具体书院办学模式。二、“福州四大书院”所处的历史背景和其自身发展演变的大致轨迹。三、四所书院的教育制度具体建设情况。包括书院管理职事、书院招生和学生管理、书院的教学管理制度、四大书院的藏书刻书、书院经费、祭祀制度。四、“福州四大书院”的制度特点,以及“福州四大书院”成就,由此得出其在区域教育文化中的地位和影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shuyuan is one way of the ancient education , and has a long history of about a thousand from Tang dynasty to Qing dynasty. In the history of ancient education and culture its effect is very important .Because of the superiority of Shyuan such at educating persons and forming nation mettle , recognizing and understanding it never break off in a thousand or so. As a result of areas, times, layers, background of culture and learning, people give different denomination for a lot of Shuyuan . It is a main generalization , and it also becomes an interesting phenomenon of culture, such as "Four large Shuyuan of Song dynasty , " Eight large Shuyuan of Song dynasty", "Four large Shuyuan of Quanzhou" . Qing dynasty is an important period of development for Shuyuan, and Fujian district plays a leading role in Shuyuan of Qing dynasty. At the same time "Four large Shuyuan of Fuzhou" is representative of Fujian district, and they are Aofeng(鳌峰书院) , Fengchi (凤池书院) , Zhengyi (正谊书院 ) ang Zhiyong (致用书院) . Because "Four large Shuyuan of Fuzhou" have a large effect and are most large four Shuyuan, they also are named as "Four large Shuyuan of province city" .Shuyuan have a lot of functions, but its main function lies in function of education, including the thinking aspect and regime aspect . The writing mainly focus on educational regime.First, the aim of writing is expand the space of research about Shuyuan. Shuyuan of Fujian district have an important effect and lead the way in the all Shuyuan. Through the four Shuyuan we certainly recognize the whole situation.second, "Four large Shuyuan of Fuzhou" have their history background and the way of development.Threely, it is about education regime of "Four Large Shuyuan of Fuzhou" such as the administer of Shuyuan, how to get students and management of student, the regime of teaching, the book of Shuyuan spending.Fourly, the feature and contribution of Shuyuan. "Four Large Shuyuan of Fuzhou" make progress in constructing the whole regime and in the control of government. "Four Large Shuyuan of Fuzhou" get much accomplishment, and have large impact on teaching and area-culture of Fujian province更多还原