【作者】 赵修磊；

【导师】 左双文；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2005， 硕士

【副题名】南京国民政府的对策

【摘要】 济南事件是日本大规模侵华战争的前奏和开端,也是南京国民政府面临的第一个突发性涉外事件。它打破了中日间相对稳定的关系,使双方关系发生重大转折。本文从危机应对的角度,全方位考察国民政府采取的对策,权衡其利弊得失,总结经验教训,深化对20世纪20年代末中日关系的再认识,在填补空白的基础上,对一些看似熟悉和清楚、却经不起细究和推敲的问题,重新进行审视,最大限度的还历史原貌。主要围绕两个问题进行阐述:一是事件发生前夕,国民政府采取的力避日本出兵和力避冲突的对策。面对曰军的侵入,处于被动地位的国民政府尽管也采取了诸如强烈抗议、外交谈判等措施,但由于其将全力击败国内政敌放在首要位置,不得不接受日军进驻山东的事实。二是事发后,以蒋介石为首的前线将领采取的临时应急措施及国民政府全方位的政策调整。前线将领和国民政府在北伐中心战略问题上达成一致,并得以实施。国民政府全面而细致的对策也取得一定成效,但其重内轻外的策略让日本政府抓住契机,再加上双方实力的不等,注定国民政府不可能有大的作为,日军无条件的撤离和所谓调查委员会的设立是济南事件的最终结局,看似平静的局面实则酝酿着新的危机。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tsinan Incident was not only the prelude and the start of Japan’s large-scale aggression against China but also the first abrupt incident concerning foreign affairs in the face of Nanking National Government, which broke the relatively steady relations between China and Japan and changed it greatly. This essay explores Tsinan Incident from the angle of crisis countermeasures, inspects National Governmen’s countermeasures comprehensively for drawing experience and lessons which based on balancing the advantages and disadvantages, deepening the re-understanding of the interrelations between China and Japan at the end of 1920s, supplying a gap, resurveying something that seems familiar and clear but can not be canvassed and considered, restoring history the furthest. It expatiates mainly on two problems, one of which is about National Governmen’s countermeasures of avoiding Japanese troops being dispatched to Shantung and avoiding the conflict between Chinese and Japanese troops shortly before Tsinan Incident. Faced to the fact that Japanese troops had been dispatched to Shantung, National Government in inferior position took some measures, such as, protesting strongly, carrying on diplomatic negotiations and so on. However, it had to take the fact that Japanese troops garrisoned Shantung because it had paid chief attention to bearing down its domestic political opponents. The other is about the temporary measures which Jiang Kai-shik and other generals at the front took to meet an emergency and National Government’s comprehensive policy adjustments soon after this incident. Generals at the front and National Government came to agreement about the tactic centered on Northern Expedition and brought it into effect. National Government’s comprehensive and meticulous countermeasures took certain effect, nevertheless its strategy of valuing interior more than external offered an opportunity for Japan to take advantage of. Furthermore, the inequality in strength of the two parties destined that National Government’s great achievement was out of the question. The final result of Tsinan Incident turned out to be that Japanese troops withdrew unconditionally and so-called Enquiry Committee was set up. The situation seemed calm but brewed new conjuncture.更多还原