【作者】 王竹红；

【导师】 张兴法；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 化学工艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 氯化钾和硫酸铵复分解制备硫酸钾工艺具有投资少、原料来源广泛和生产成本低等优点,但其工艺流程复杂,反应转化率较低。基于某些有机溶剂能改变水盐体系的性质,针对氯化钾和硫酸铵复分解反应考察了甲醇等有机溶剂和反应氧化钾收率的关系,选择乙二醇为添加溶剂。研究确定了25℃下K⁺、NH₄⁺//So₄^2-、Cl^-、（CH₂OH）₂-H₂O体系相图,反应体系的相际关系是简单共饱和型,没有复盐生成;运用单因素实验和正交实验方法研究确定了乙二醇溶液复分解反应的适宜工艺条件:反应时间80min,反应温度25℃,乙二醇浓度40%,硫酸铵初始浓度35%,KCl和（NH₄）₂SO₄配料比1.9:1.0,在该条件下氧化钾收率为92.24%,硫酸钾产品质量达到农用一级品标准。并对乙二醇溶液条件下氯化钾和硫酸铵复分解制备硫酸钾工艺进行了探讨,和水盐体系相比,具有工艺过程简单,氧化钾收率高和产品质量好等优点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The process of the technology of potassium sulfate by potassium chloride and ammonium sulphate has advantages of little investment abundant raw materials and low production cost, as well as disadvantages of complex technology and low reaction conversion. Based on the fact that some organic solvents can change property of the water-ion system, the relation between organic solvents such as methanol etc. and yield of potassium oxide is studied, which indicates that ethylene glycol（EG） can be selected as the additive. The phase diagrams of the system K+ NH4+//SO42- Cl^- （CH2OH）2-H2O at 25℃ are determined, and the phase relations of the reaction system are simple common saturation and no compound is formed. The proper technology conditions of the production process are investigated by the single-factor and orthogonal experiments with the result of the reaction time of 80 min, reaction temperature of 25 ℃, ethylene glycol concentration of 40%, initial concentration of ammonium sulphate of 35%, feed ratio of KC1 and （NH₄）₂SO₄ of 1.9/1.0. The yield of potassium oxide under this condition is 92.24%, the quality of potassium sulphate can come up to the first rank standard of agricultural potassium sulphate. The new technology of potassium sulphate by potassium chloride and ammonium sulphate with the existing condition of ethylene glycol is discussed, and it has simple technology, high yield of potassium oxide and superior quality of production compared with that of synthesized in distilled water.更多还原