【作者】 高宏亮；

【导师】 宋振东； 李晔；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 炉渣是工业固体废弃物的一种,具有数量大、类型多、性质复杂的特点,目前主要用于水泥、建材、充填料、路基、道渣、防腐除锈剂等方面。炼铜废渣(诺砂)作为炉渣中的一种特殊类型,其是原料铜矿砂经诺兰达炉提炼冰铜后排出的炉渣(称诺兰达炉渣)再经选矿厂选铜、选铁后排放到尾矿坝中的废渣。这些废弃物既具有物质功能的有用性,又具有在一定技术经济条件下的无用性,在一定程度上造成了环境的污染和生态的破坏。大冶有色金属公司每年排放的炼铜废渣(诺砂)达30万t,多年来堆积的废渣已达数百万吨之多。这些废渣不仅占用大量土地,造成严重的环境污染,同时也是一种资源的浪费。因此,对诺砂进行有效利用,既是治理环境污染的重要课题,也是资源综合利用提出的一个新课题。 本文的目的是研制一种低成本的诺砂地面砖。我们采用提高诺砂掺量、降低水泥用量的方法降低生产成本。系统研究了物料配合比、预处理方式(包括磨矿粒度、消解时间)、外加剂(包括粉煤灰激发剂、早强剂、减水剂)、水灰比、成型压力以及养护方法对诺砂地面砖性能的影响。经过大量的对比实验,确定了生产低成本诺砂地砖的最佳配比和最佳工艺参数。 通过实验我们发现,对部分物料进行适当的预处理能够大幅度的提高制品的性能;合理掺加有效的外加剂可以提高制品的早期性能;适宜的水灰比、成型压力以及合理的养护方法是保证制品技术指标的关键所在。 通过XRD和SEM对试样的微观测试分析,研究了制品随水化龄期抗压强度与内部的微观结构和水化产物成分的变化,根据不同条件下压制产品的性能和微观结构及其相关关系,以及养护过程中的物理化学变化反应的分析,初步探讨了诺砂地砖的反应行为。 本课题研究的内容是诺砂制作新型建筑材料,属于较新的研究领域。其研究成果对炼铜废渣的开发利用以及对胶凝材料学的发展均有一定的理论意义和明显的环境效益、经济效益及社会效益;并为最终解决诺砂对环境的破坏,最大限度地进行资源的有效利用奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Copper slag is kind of industry solid waste, with the characteristic of large amount, many kinds and complicate quality. At present, it is mostly used in the fields of cement, building materials, fill matters, roadbed, anti-corrode agent and so on. Raw copper mine, after abstracted matte and then separated copper and iron, is named as copper slag. The waste copper slag, with two sides -valuable side and invaluable side for some techniques, does harm to the environment to some extent. The Da Ye company of nonferrous metal discharges 30t copper slag every year. With the time going on, the quantity of copper slag reached about ten thousand tons, which not only occupies a large of lands and pollutes the environment, but also wastes resources. So the effective utilization of copper slag can both put the environment in order and multipurpose utilization of resources.The purpose of the study is developing a low-cost floor tiles with copper slag. By using copper slag as the aggregate of concrete and industry byproducts-fly ash as substitution of part cement to reduce its cost. We gave a system study on the influence of proportion, pretreatment (including grains size and time of slaking), admixtures (including fly-ash activator, early setting agents and water reducer), w/c, pressure, curing way and system to floor tiles’ properties. The best proportion of materials and technique parameters were provided on the basis of lots of correlated experiments.The pretreatments to part of materials can improve the floor tiles’ properties to a great extent. In addition, the early properties have the relation of the dosage and effective admixture And what’s more, the proper w/c, pressure, curing way and system is very important and essential.The microcosmic structure of the samples is analyses by SEM and XRT, the change is studied of intensity, microcosmic structure and the component of the hydrate resultant on different conditions. According to the change of chemistry component and microcosmic structure, their relations and physical and chemical reaction in the curing, the law of reaction behavior of the floor tiles is discussed preliminarily.The study of new type of building materials with copper slag belongs to a newer research field, which will guide the utilization of copper slag and the development of binding material theory. The research establishes the base for solving environmental pollution of copper slag completely and maximizes efficacious utilization of the resource. Apparent environmental, social, and economical benefits can be gotten.更多还原