【作者】 刘伟；

【导师】 王向荣；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 城市规划， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在不同的自然条件和文化背景下,人类创造了属于不同地域和文化体系下的各种庭园形式,以中国为代表的东方庭园和伊斯兰庭园就是其中杰出的人类遗产。庭园作为人类文化的综合体,它是文化进行传播、交流与融合的重要载体,这也如同语言一般向后代传承着文化和传统。 图式是人类认识事物的基础。我们在景观的认识和理解过程中,图式具有工具性的指导作用,景观的形成、发展和演变都离不开图式的作用。图式具有时间属性,不断处于建构过程中,景观的设计过程也是设计者对自我现有图式的表达过程,表达需要用物质性要素的参与。 全文以实体(庭园)为研究对象,以图式为媒介,重点是讨论人和庭园(景观)的关系。这种关系首先是环境(包括客观自然环境也包括社会经济文化环境)向人传达的过程,在此形成了图式,接着是人凭借图式向环境(具体的物质环境)传达的过程,在此形成实体(庭园)。两者之间相互表达的过程,即是一个庭园存在和形成的根本原因所在。虽然这两种表达过程对庭园(景观)的评价和设计都有作用缺一不可,但鉴于景观专业的专业特点,本文的阐述重点放在了后者即设计者怎样向环境表达图式。最后全文从图式的“语义”和“语法”角度,分析了典型的东方和伊斯兰传统庭园,在比较“语义”的不同时重点论述了两者的空间“语法”结构上的相同点——即人类在图式的表达时所依据的“共同图式”。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the different natural condition and the cultural context, the human created belonged to the different region and under the cultural system each kind of garden form, take China as representative’s Eastern garden and the Islamic garden was outstanding human inheritance. The garden took the human culture the complex compound, it is the culture carrier on the dissemination, the exchange and the fusion important carrier, this also is similar to the language to inherit the culture and the tradition generally to the descendant.The schema is the human knows the thing the foundation. We in the landscape understanding and the understanding process, the schema have the instruction function as tools, the landscape formation, the development and the evolution cannot leave the schema the function. The schema has the time attribute, is in unceasingly constructs in the process, the landscape design process also is the designer to the self- existing schema expression process, the expression needs to use the materiality essential factor the participation.The full text take the entity (garden) as the research object, take the schema as the medium, the key point is discusses the human and the garden (landscape) the relations. This kind of relations first is the environment (also includes social economy culture environment including objective natural environment) the process which transmits to the human, has formed the schema in this, then is the human relies on the schema the process which (concrete material environment) transmits to the environment, forms the entity in this (garden). Two between expresses mutually the process, is the basic reason which a garden exists and forms is at. Although these two kind of expressions process to garden (landscape) the appraisal and the design all has affects indispensably, but in view of the fact that the landscape specialized specialized characteristic, how has this article elaboration placed latter is with emphasis the designer to the environment expression schema.更多还原