【作者】 张国荣；

【导师】 徐明；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 产业经济学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 相对于物流产业在我国的发展而言,目前我国学者对物流业产业组织、结构与市场绩效相互关系方面的研究甚少。而对我国物流业产业组织进行优化和改进策略等方面的研究恰是政府制定物流业发展政策,物流企业制定企业发展战略的直接依据。本研究主要从产业生命周期理论和产业组织理论对我国物流产业的市场结构、企业行为、经营绩效进行了宏观与实证的分析探讨。 本研究首先在文献综述的基础上,对我国物流业与美国、日本物流业进行了比较分析,并从产业发展的角度,应用产业经济学相关理论分析了我国现代物流业在产业生命周期中的发展阶段,对我国物流产业的发展现状进行了描述。然后,从我国物流业的市场结构、企业行为、市场绩效现状分析入手,对我国物流业产业组织现状进行了研究,得出我国物流业产业组织现状为:整体上来说企业数量极多,市场集中度不高,属于微粒市场。虽然,我国第三方物流总体上企业集中度较低,但我国国际货运代理行业、航空运输业、港口集装箱运输业的集中度已经比较高,属于中高度集中市场。我国物流企业主要以成本加成为主要的定价方式,无明显服务差异性,存在物流企业兼并和联盟策略行为。我国物流产业资源配置效率、规模结构效率,技术水平均尚处于较低下的水平。 根据产业组织理论中SCP分析范式的市场结构、企业行为、经营绩效三者相互影响关系,本研究选取了物流产业中若干子行业作为实证对象,探讨了物流业的市场结构、企业行为、所面临的经营风险等对其经营绩效的影响。本研究实证模型部分共选取了与物流相关的64个上市公司为样本,资料研究期间为2000～2003年。采用了Eviews统计软件,以Panel Data(合成数据)的形态进行处理分析,并以固定效果和随机效果模型为估计方法,分别对8家主营物流上市公司、12家港口码头、集装箱类上市公司、5家远洋、近海运输类公司、9家航空、机场类上市公司进行了实证研究。研究发现企业的市场占有率、资产总额、研发费用、成本优势、存货周转率对经营绩效呈显著正向相关关系。而资产负债比率、应收账款周转率对经营绩效呈反向相关关系。 最后,本文根据我国物流业的发展现状和物流产业的发展阶段,结合对我国物流业的产业组织的实证分析,提出了应分别依托地区产业集群发展物流产业、物流企业应采取“自组织”联合或联盟;加强研发和广告密集度,提升企业形象更多还原

【Abstract】 Compared to the development of logistics industry in our country, scholars in our country focus less on the research of the logistics industrial organization, structure and market performance at present. The optimization goal and tactics of logistics industrial organization is the direct basement of government drafting logistics industry developing tactics and of logistics enterprise making developing strategies. This research mainly put eyes on the analysis and discussions of our country’s logistics market structure, enterprises’ conduct and operational performance on the macroscopic and real example by industry’s life cycle theory and industrial organization theory.Based on the document research, the research carries on the comparative analysis with U.S.A., Japan logistics industry to the logistics industry of our country. From the viewpoint of the industry development, the research uses the relevant theory of industry’s economics to analyse the developing period during the economic life cycle of logistics industry in our country, which has summarized the current situation of the development of the logistics industry of our country. Then, the research analyzes the current situation of ourcountry’s logistics industrial organization through studying our country’s logistics industry’s market structure, enterprise conduct, operational performance and gets the results that the current situation of our country’s logistics industrial organization is: atomic market structure which has low market centralizing, product distinguishable degree and low entering barrier, high drawing-back barrier; the main pricing pattern is based on cost, and there is few difference concerning to logistics services. There is obviously enterprise merge and alliance strategy. Resource distribution efficiency, structure efficiency and the engineering level of logistics industry of our country, are still in lower levels.This research uses the listed firms of logistics industry in China as empirical objects. The theme of this research is to explore the influence of market structure, behavior and operating risks on operational performance. This research picks 64 companys in logistics industry as empirical sample. The sampling period is from 2000 to 2003. By use of the Eviews statistics software, the panel data are formed, which are put into the fixed effect and random effect approach to be verified. The empirical part mainly analyses 8 listed company of logistics, 12 port and container listed company, 5-ocean transportation listed company, 9 airport and aviation listed company. The empirical results are as follows: enterprises Occupation rate ofmarket, total value of the assets, R&D expenses, cost advantage, turnover rate of stock all have significantly positive effect on operating performance. On the other hand, asset-liabilities rate , turnover rate of account receivable have significantly negative effect on operating performance.The research get the conclusion that, firstly, Logistics Company should rely on the regional industry caster. Secondly, logistics enterprises should pay more attention to merge and alliance strategies. Thirdly our country should develop the logistics industry in the way of policy guidance + infrastructure development + key element innovation, which take great influence to our country logistics industry development in the future.更多还原