【作者】 王燕；

【导师】 丁辛； 庄勤亮；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 智能纺织品作为一类新颖的高新技术产品,正日益受到人们的重视,一些专家将智能纺织品看作是纺织服装工业的未来。导电纤维作为制造智能纺织品的一类重要材料已引起国内外材料科学界的广泛关注。近年来,高分子界对导电聚合物的研究非常活跃,其中聚苯胺以其制备简单,电学稳定性好、电导率高等优点受到人们的广泛重视,一些研究者开始探索制备聚苯胺导电纤维。其中包括聚苯胺本体导电纤维和聚苯胺复合导电纤维,而前者对于溶剂和纺丝设备要求较高外,所得的纤维强度差且脆性也大。所以目前最有应用前景的还是聚苯胺复合导电纤维。聚苯胺复合导电纤维的制备有较多方法,研究较成熟、使用最多的是化学氧化“现场”吸附聚合法。但还有许多问题有待于解决,如聚苯胺导电纤维电学稳定性差,外界环境对导电纤维电导率的影响不明确等。等离子体处理作为纺织材料表面改性的一种手段,正越来越受到人们的重视。经过大量研究表明,等离子体刻蚀无论对纤维、纱线还是织物都有很明显的改善其性能的作用,且综合效果比较好。本课题对氨纶长丝进行等离子体预处理,采用“现场”吸附聚合法制备聚苯胺复合导电长丝,就等离子体处理条件对长丝导电性能的影响进行研究,分析外界环境变化对长丝电导率的影响,并观察在拉伸状态及重复拉伸状态下,导电长丝所产生的响应。具体内容如下: (1) 利用正交设计方法设计实验,通过直观分析,得出制备聚苯胺/氨纶复合导电长丝的最优化学处理工艺条件。 (2) 通过单因子实验研究等离子体处理各处理条件对导电长丝导电性能的影响情况,确定各处理参数的合适范围。利用二次通用旋转组合设计方法设计试验,优化参数,得出最优处理条件。 (3) 通过单因子实验研究外界环境对制得导电长丝电学稳定性的影响。 (4) 对该复合导电长丝的结构、性能及其在机械外力作用下所更多还原

【Abstract】 Smart Textiles is increasingly paid attention being regarded as a new technical product. Some experts consider it is extremely promising in the textile/garment industry. As one of the most important materials made into Smart Textiles, electrically conductive fibers have been extensively studied.Since electrically conductive polymers were discovered over twenty years ago, the research in this field has been very active. Some researchers used conductive polymers to fabricate conductive fibers Polyaniline is the most popular polymer because of its simple polymerization, stability as well as its high electrical conductivity.There are mainly two types of fibers made with polyaniline. One type of fibers is directly spun from polyaniline, the other is to coat polyaniline onto fibers which is used as a reinforcing substrate The former has strict requirement about solution and spinning machine, and the fiber is plastic. The latter is the most promising one. Therefore many researchers have been trying to fabricate polyaniline-coated fiber with high electrically conductivity by many means.In-situ polymerization is commonly used technology to produce polyaniline-coated fibers although there are some technical issues to be explored, for example, the poor electrical stability, insufficient understanding about the effect of ambient conditions on the electricalconductivity of fibers. Plasma treatment is a sophisticated technology in modifying the surface of fibers.In this dissertation, PANi/Spandex composite yarns were prepared by carrying on plasma treatment and using in-situ polymerization The effect of processing conditions of plasma treatment on the electrical conductivity of polyaniline coated fiber was studied. The investigation of the effect of ambient conditions on electrical conductivity and investigation of the fiber’s response to an environmental stimulus were undertaken as follows.1. The optimal processing parameters of in-situ polymerization were worked out by experiments and statistics.2 The effect of the processing conditions on the electrical conductivity of the fibers was studied.3. The effect of the environment on the electrical stability of the electrically conductive fibers was investigated.4. The relationship between the structure and properties of the polyaniline coated fibers and the fiber’s response to an external stimulus were studied.According to the specific experiments and analysis described in this dissertation, the following conclusions have been drawn out:1. Adopting experiments and statistics methods, the optimal processing parameters of in-situ polymerization have been worked out: concentration of oxidant is 0.02 g ml-1, concentration of’doping’ agent is 0.5 mol L-1, duration of immersion is lh, duration of processing is 1h2. The three optimal plasma treatment parameters are: processing power is 157w, processing duration is 2.2min, atmospheric pressure is 27Pa.3. Comparing with electrically conductive fibers without plasma treatment, electrically conductive fibers with plasma treatment have higher electrical conductivity and better electrical stability4. The effects of ambient conditions to the electrical conductivity of the polyaniline-coated fibers are: the effect of the humidity on the conductive fibers is not significant, the effect of the temperature on the conductive fibers is significant.5. The response of electrical conductivity of fibers to stretch was significant The change of the conductivity was significant when the composite fiber is stretched, and the relevant curve is obtained. It supports an important evidence to the use of the fibers in Smart Textiles.更多还原