【作者】 姚艳玲；

【导师】 刘惠清；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,全球范围内城市化进程加快,人口激增,工业生产规模不断扩大,由此引发城市中绿地面积大量减少,城市生态问题日益突出。城市是社会生产力发展到一定阶段的产物,是在多因素综合作用下形成的一种高级的人类聚落形式,也是人类影响、改造自然最强烈的景观。人类社会发展到现阶段,城市已成为人类活动的主要场所,城市景观是人类文明和社会进步的结晶,是一个时代经济、政治、社会、科学、文化、生态环境发展、变化的焦点和中心。有人统计,全球污染物总量的 60%来自城市,而城市面积仅占地球表面积的 0.3%。城市既是人类消耗自然资源和能源最多的景观,也是生态环境污染的重要来源。因此,一个国家的可持续发展必须重视城市的可持续发展,没有城市生态的可持续发展,就没有国家的生态安全。城市中的森林公园具有释放氧气、涵养水源、调节气候、吸纳污染物、美化景观、保持水土等多项生态功能。城市周边的森林植被通过光合作用,从空气中吸收大量的二氧化碳,合成有机物,并释放大量的氧气,在城市低空范围内调节和改善城区的碳氧平衡,缓解或消除局部的缺氧,以改善局部地区的空气质量,对城市生态环境的改善起着重要作用。但城市周边的森林公园林相如何配置,才能最大限度地发挥城市森林公园的综合效应,目前定量的研究文章尚不多见。 本文以 GIS 为技术平台,选择长春市的森林公园—净月潭为典型区,在对净月潭森林公园森林景观格局调查与实际踏查的基础上,选择不同林相、同一林相不同林龄的群落进行光合作用和呼吸作用的测定,获得不同林相和不同林龄、不同密度群落的净光合速率、土壤呼吸速率、制氧速率的测试值,对测试值进行误差订正后,采用统计分析法获得结论如下:净月潭森林公园内不同的森林-土壤系统的对于净月潭森林公园的氧气贡献率是不同的,柞树成熟林氧气的释放速率最大,而落叶松的过熟林氧气的释放速率最小。 本文共分 6 部分,第一部分为前言,第二部分为研究区概况,第三部分为实验地概况与实验设计,第四部分为实验材料与方法,第五部分为结果与分析,最后为结论与建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, cities in the world develop very quickly. Population explosion and the scales of industrial production constantly increasing cause the decreasing of greenland area in the city and the worsening of ecological problems of city. City is the result of social productive developing and it is a high-level people settlement formed by many factors. It is the landscape infected and reformed by people intensely. Today, with the developing of human society, city has become the main location of people activity. City landscape is the crystallization of human civilization and society progress and it is the central issue of development and change of an era’economy, politics, society, science, cultural ecological environment. Statistic tells that 60% of pollution come from city, but area of city is 0.3% of earth only. City is not only the landscape where people consume the most of resource and energy, but also the important source of ecological environment pollution source. A country’sustainable development must pay attention to a city’s sustained development. Without the sustained development of city’s ecology, a country’s ecology will not safety. The forest garden in city has many ecological functions. For example, release oxygen, water resources protection, regulating climate, aborbing pollution, beautify landscape, water and soil conversation etc. The forest vegetation around city aborb a lot of carbon dioxide, synthesize organic matter and discharge oxygen. This can adjust and improve the balance of carbon and oxygen in low level and improve the air quality in some areas. The forest vegetation plays an important role in improving the ecological environment in city. But the fixed quantity investigations of how to dispose the forest in forest garden around city and bring into play the comprehensive benefits of forest vegetation effectively are short. Base on the GIS, this paper option the forest garden of Jingyuetan as typical region. On the base of the forest landscape in Jingyuetan forest garden and looking into practice, author option different forest, the same forest with different age to measure the photosynthesis and respiration. Through that different forest, different forest age and different density community’s net photosynthesis, soil respiration rate and generating oxgen rate can be getten. After correcting error of measuring value, author adopt statistics analysis and get the following conclusion: the different forest-soil system in Jingyuetan forest garden’s contribution is different. Adult oak forest’s rate of oxygen releasing is the biggest and over larch forest’s is the smallest. This paper has six sections. The first is preface. The section is general situation of research region. The third section is general situation of experiment region and design of experiment. The fourth is the material of experiment and method. The fifth is outcome and analysis. The last one is conclusion and suggestion.更多还原