【作者】 张荣娟；

【导师】 李文虎；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在文献综述部分回顾了国内外已有的相关理论和研究:自尊与防御性、防御性高自尊和安全性高自尊各自的内涵和意义以及两者的区分方法、防御性高自尊的现有研究、高自尊与攻击的关系,然后介绍了如今测量内隐自尊的常用手段--内隐联想测验(IAT),再提出了现有研究的不足的本文拟研究的问题。实证研究部分包括三个研究。研究一试图了解被试的外显自尊、内隐自尊状况以及两者之间的关系。研究二选取外显及内隐自尊水平高低四种组合的被试,采取多维度多因果归因问卷的人际关系分表和愤怒攻击问卷对他们进行调查,以期了解高外显自尊/低内隐自尊个体相对于其他组个体尤其是高外显自尊/高内隐自尊个体归因中的自我服务偏向和愤怒攻击行为。结果表明,高外显自尊的个体都表现出较强的自我服务偏向,但当其内隐自尊偏低时这种倾向更为明显;外显自尊高的个体其内隐自尊水平与攻击问卷中描述的愤怒和敌对呈显著负相关,与陈述各种生活情景的Novaco愤怒问卷总分和攻击问卷中描述的口头攻击接近显著负相关,进一步检验发现,高外显自尊/低内隐自尊个体在攻击问卷上的愤怒和口头攻击因子上显著高于高外显自尊/高内隐自尊个体。研究三通过设计一定情境探讨了四组被试的自我设障行为,结果发现,四组个体在采用自我设障行为的人数上差别不明显;个体内隐自尊越低其自我设障行为倾向更强,但高外显自尊/高内隐自尊组和高外显自尊/低内隐自尊组之间的差异不明显,不同于国外类似研究结果。第三部分提出了本文总的结论、不足和今后的努力方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article reviews in its part of literature the relevant theories and studies available at home and abroad: self-esteem and defensiveness, the connotation and meaning of defensive high SE and secure high SE as well as their distinguishing ways, the existing studies of defensive SE, the relationship between high SE and aggression, then followed by the introduction of Implicit Association Test ( IAT ), the popular means to measure one’s implicit SE nowadays. Finally it puts forward the shortcomings of present studies and the topics it will study.The part of demonstrative studies includes three studies. The first study tries to find out the state of subjects’ explicit SE and implicit SE and the relationship between them two. The second study applies the sub-scale on interpersonal relationship of MMCS, Novaco Anger Scale and Aggression Questionnaire to four groups of subjects whose levels of explicit SE and implicit SE rank high or low, i.e. high explicit SE combined with high implicit SE or low, so it is the same with low explicit, and it wants to study the attributively self-serving bias in subjects with high explicit SE and low implicit SE while compared with other groups especially the group whose explicit SE and implicit SE are high. The result shows that all individuals with high explicit SE present relatively strong self-serving bias which, when one’s implicit SE is low, turns to be more distinct; When explicit SE is high, individuals’ implicit SE is significantly negatively related with anger and hostility in AQ, the negative correlation between implicit SE and Novaco anger , which depicts various scenes of life, and verbal attack in AQ approach significant, and further tests find out that individuals with high explicit SE and low implicit SE are significantly higher than individuals with both high explicit SE and implicit SE in the factors of anger in AQ and verbal attack. The third study explores the behavioral self-handicapping in the four groups of subjects selected as above by introducing certain contexts, and the result reveals: there is no difference of self-handicapping in the number of people between four groups; the lower one’s implicit SE is, the stronger his self-handicapping trend is, but no difference is found between those with high explicit SE and low implicit SE and those whose explicit SE and implicit SE are high, which is discrepant from the result of foreign similar studies.The third part raises the general result, shortcomings and topics to work on in future.更多还原