【作者】 曾晓青；

【导师】 刘建平；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 许多研究表明,就某些个体差异而言,内隐记忆表现出了显著的差异性。认知风格是影响认知过程的重要个体差异变量。在已经确认的认知风格类型中,场依存型——场独立型是被研究的最早、最多的一个领域。 本文采用Jacoby的加工分离程序,以无意义音节字母串为材料,对场依存型、场独立型和中间型被试的内隐、外显记忆进行分离,以考察不同认知风格类型的个体,在加工信息过程中,对与其认知风格类型匹配或不匹配的材料的编码和提取上是否存在不同的方式和策略。 实验结果表明: 1、场依存型个体的意识性提取成绩好于场独立型个体,即在以无意义音节为材料的条件下,场依存型个体的外显记忆好于场独立型个体。 2、场独立型个体的自动提取成绩高于场依存型个体的成绩,即在以无意义音节为材料的条件下,场独立型个体的内隐记忆好于场依存型个体。 3、无论在意识性提取上,还是在自动提取方面,中间类型个体的成绩总是介于场依存型个体与场独立型个体之间。更多还原

【Abstract】 Researches show that, as far as the individual difference is concerned, implicit memory manifests significant difference. Cognitive style is a very important individual variable that affects cognitive process. Among the cognitive styles that have been confirmed, field independence-field dependence is the one studied earliest and most.By using the experimental materials of nonsense syllable clusters and separating the implicit memory and explicit memory of field independence, field dependence and neutral style, this paper employs Jacoby’s process dissociation procedure to study if the individuals of different cognitive styles , during the course of processing information, have different approaches and strategies when coding and retreating materials which are matching or non-matching to their cognitive styles. The results revealed that:1. The field independence individuals do a better job than the field dependence ones in recollection, that is to say, under the circumstances of using nonsense syllable clusters as experimental materials, the explicit memory of the field independence individuals is better than that of the field dependence ones.2. The field dependence individuals do a better job than the field independence ones in automaticity, that is to say, under the circumstances of using nonsense syllable clusters as experimental materials, the implicit memory of the field dependence individuals is better than that of the field independence ones.3. In both cases of recollection and automaticity, the result of the neutral style individuals is always between that of the field independence individuals and of the field dependence ones.更多还原