中国普通高等学校分类与定位问题研究

【作者】 张慧；

【导师】 祁随元；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以马克思主义辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为指导,采用比较研究和逻辑分析方法,着重研究中国普通高等学校分类与定位的原则、依据和方法。这项研究对于不断优化我国高等教育系统结构、发挥我国高等教育系统整体性功能具有全局性意义。 本论文共分四章,第一章以“中国普通高等学校分类与定位问题的界定与研究的理论基础”为主线,界定了中国普通高等学校及其相关概念,提出了本研究的理论基础即:教育的内外部关系规律、马丁·特罗(Martin Trow)的高等教育发展阶段理论和普通高等学校社会职能。第二章描述了中国高等教育发展的现状及结构变迁,概述了目前中国普通高等学校分类与定位方面的现状和存在的主要问题。随着我国高等教育的迅速发展,普通高等学校的类别和层次明显增加,高等教育结构日益复杂,普通高等学校分级化越来越明显。目前,我国普通高等学校中普遍存在着分类不清、定位不明、目标雷同、特色迷失、盲目追求办学规模扩大的“大而全”和提升办学层次的“升格热”等问题。这种现状亟待改进。第三章我们选取美国卡内基促进教育基金会、联合国教科文组织及广州管理科学院的一系列分类方法并对其进行了介绍及评价,得到了有关构建中国普通高等学校分类的方法及标准的若干启示。第四章为本论文的重点部分,既提出了中国普通高等学校分类与定位的原则和依据,又提出并阐述了中国普通高等学校分类与定位的构想。同质原则、职能原则、习惯原则等作为普通高等学校分类的原则;自主原则、服务原则、准确原则等作为普通高等学校定位的原则;高等学校履行人才培养、学科(专业)覆盖面、科研水平以及服务面向等实际情况作为中国普通高等学校分类的主要依据;所在区域情况、高等教育及高等学校发展状况及普通高等学校的历史、基础、优势和不足作为普通高等学校定位的依据,从而提出以纵向划分和横向划分相结合的中国普通高等学校分类与定位方法。 本文在前人的研究基础上的创新点主要有:一提出了新的中国普通高等学校分类与定位的原则和依据;二对中国普通高等学校类型和层次划分提出了几点构想,并提出了具体的划分结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 This text regards Marxist dialectical materialism and historical materialism as guidance. Adopting historical and logical method, the paper mainly studies the principle, basis and method of classifies and reservation in Chinese regular university. It is important to optimizing the systematic structure of higher education in china.The paper is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter ,by introducing the definition of classifies and reservation in Chinese regular university the paper puts forward the theoretical foundation of this research ,that is, the domestic and foreign relation law , the theory of Martin Trow on developing stage of higher education and public social function theory of regular university .The second chapter describes the present condition of chines high education and structural changes and summarizes the present condition and main problem of classifies and reservation in Chinese regular university. With the rapid development of higher education in china, the classifies and reservation of regular university are increasing. The structure of higher education is complicated more and more. The grade of regular university is more and more obvious. At present, there are many problems in the regular university ,such as making a classify unidentified , goal duplicate , losing characteristic , pursuing " big and whole " and expanding the scale of the student blindly. These kinds of present condition must be improved.Thirdly, the paper chooses a series of methods on classifies and reservation such as CFAT and ISCED .Then the paper makes the appraise of the methods and draws inspiration from them.The last chapter is the key of thesis. This part puts forward the principle, basis and method of classifies and reservation in Chinese regular university and explains the idea of classifies and reservation in it. It makes the homogeneity principle , function principle , habit principle ,etc. as the basis principle of classifies, regarding independent principle , service principle . accurate principle .etc. as the principle of reservation .regarding personnel training functions, discipline coverage and serve facing as main basis of classify, regarding the national and regional situation.domestic and international higher education, history , foundation , advantage and basis as the basis of reservation. Thus proposes the classifies and reservation in Chinese regular university.The paper makes some innovation on the former learner as follows. These mainly include: the first one is putting forward the principle and basis of classifies and reservation in Chinese regular university. The second one is putting forward some ideas to the types and levels of Chinese regular university and putting forward the concrete result of division.更多还原