针对多媒体图像处理的可重构处理元设计

【作者】 杨博涵；

【导师】 沈绪榜；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 计算机系统结构， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着多媒体图像处理应用的迅速发展,对计算机处理能力的要求越来越高。可重构计算(Reconfigurable Computing-RC)系统是将可重构硬件处理单元和软件可编程处理器结合的计算系统。它通过配置可重构处理单元满足不同应用的计算要求。可重构计算代表了介于ASIC和通用处理器之间的计算途径,为多媒体图像处理提供了一个非常有价值的发展方向。 本论文基于可重构计算系统提出了针对多媒体图像处理的可重构阵列协处理器模型RAC。以RAC模型为基础,重点研究了可重构处理元(Reconfigurable Processing Element,RPE)的设计。 论文的主要研究工作包括: · 以多媒体图像处理中具有高计算量,高并行性的应用为研究对象,提出了可重构阵列协处理器模型RAC。RAC模型设计的特点是粗粒度、二维mesh互连、类SIMD计算模型、多配置文件。 · 根据多媒体图像处理的特点,分析了RAC配置指令的设计目标,提出了RAC配置指令系统。 · 研究设计了支持配置指令执行的可重构处理元的结构。RPE包括MAC单元、ALU、移位器等主要功能部件。这些部件通过配置程序完成各种功能。 · RPE数据路径主要功能部件的具体设计实现。重点包括MAC单元的研究与设计;ALU的研究与设计等。 · 研究视频编码中重要算法DCT在RAC上的映射,并对RAC的性能进行了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 The increased use of multimedia applications has significantly increased the computing demands placed on processors. Reconfigurable systems are computing systems that combine a reconfigurable hardware processing unit with a software-programmable processor. These systems allow customization of the reconfigurable processing unit in order to meet the specific computational requirements of different applications. Reconfigurable computing represents an intermediate approach between the extremes of ASIC’s efficiency and general-purpose processor’s flexibility, promising a valuable alternative to the multimedia processing.Based on the reconfigurable computing system, the thesis proposes RAC, a reconfigurable array coprocessor model, targeted at multimedia image applications. Then, the work mainly deals with the design of the reconfigurable processing element, and evaluates its performances.The research work of this thesis mainly includes: Proposes RAC, a model targeted at multimedia image applications with inherent data-parallelism, high regularity, and computation intensive requirements. The RAC model couples a multi-context, coarse grained, 2-D meshed, and SIMD computation array as a coprocessor to a CPU core. Analyze the design targets of RAC contexts according to the characteristics of multimedia image applications, and presents the RAC context system. Design the architecture of Reconfigurable Processing Element, which supports the implementation of RAC contexts. The major functional units consist of MAC, ALU, and Shifter etc. The units customize the functional units according to the context programs. Design the details of the major units of RPE data-path, with the emphases on the design of MAC and ALU units. Research of some important algorithms of video compression mapping on the RAC model, and evaluate the performances of RAC model.更多还原