转型时期中国非营利组织发展浅析

【作者】 陈继强；

【导师】 曹宪忠；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 行政管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 我国正处在由社会主义计划经济向社会主义市场经济体制转型,由传统农业社会向工业社会、后工业社会转型。转型时期国家与市场、国家与社会的关系正面临重大的变化和调整,各类社会组织的功能也面临新的分化和合理定位。在这种的环境下,中国的非营利组织面临前所未有的挑战和机遇。一方面,经济体制改革之后,传统的“单位制”管理和服务模式已经不能有效的发挥作用,政府需要非营利组织来帮助维护市场与社会秩序,从而减少其社会管理成本、提高效率。另一方面,政治体制改革和政府职能的转变,也需要非营利组织能够承接以往由政府包揽的部分职责,提供更多、更好的服务。在这种需求下,中国的非营利组织取得了空前的发展。但由于非营利组织在我国发展的时间不长,同时受转型期间各种因素的影响,和一些非营利组织发达的国家相比,我国的非营利组织还有很大差距。本文将从政府改革与非营利组织发展的关系,非营利组织目前的问题等视角,探讨中国非营利组织在转型时期的发展问题。其中文章共分为四个部分:第一部分,介绍了非营利组织的的基本含义。在参照了国内外学者研究成果的基础上,对中国非营利组织的界定和组织类型与活动领域进行了介绍。第二部分,探讨了政府改革与非营利组织发展的互动关系。重点论述了非营利组织的发展是基于社会转型的背景,政府改革是非营利组织得以快速发展的重要条件。同时,非营利组织的成长对政府改革有着积极的推动作用。政府改革与非营利组织是相互信赖、相互制约、相互推动的。第三部分,分析了影响中国非营利组织发展的因素。指出了转型时期外部环境和自身机制对中国非营利组织发展山东大学硕士学位论文多方面的影响。第四部分,对中国非营利组织未来发展的思考。转型时期的非营利组织还处于发展的初级阶段,重点关注社团、事业单位和社区内非营利组织的发展,将对非营利组织全面发展起到带动作用。关键词:转型时期中国非营利组织发展更多还原

【Abstract】 China is in the process of turning from socialism planned-economy into market-economy system, from traditional agricultural society to industrial society and post-industry society. Under the background, the relationship between country and market, and between country and society is facing great changes and adjustments. At the same time, the functions of all kinds of social organizations are challenged by new separation and reasonable definition. That brings the Chinese non-profit organizations unprecedented challenges and opportunities. On the one hand, after the revolution of economic system, traditional "unit" management and service mode fails to play an effective role, which makes it necessary for government to take advantage of non-profit organizations to maintain the market and society status quo and decrease the cost of society management and increase the efficiency. On the other hand, the revolution of political system and alteration of government’s functions need the help of non-profit organizations to take part of the responsibilities owned by government in the past and provide more and better service. The non-profit organizations in China, therefore, come into a state of unprecedented development. However, due to the short-time development of non-profit organizations and the influence of various factors in the turning process, Chinese non-profit organizations still have a long way to go comparing with the developed countries’. This article will discuss the development of Chinese non-profit organizations in this special times from such aspects as the relationship between government’s reform and non-profit organizations development and the current problems of non-profit organizations. The article consists of four parts. The first part is the basic definition of non-profit organization. Based on the research fruits of scholars home and abroad, it defines the non-profit organization in China and introduces the kinds of organizations and the fields of their activities. The second part discusses the interactingrelationship of government reform and non-profit organization development. It stresses the development of non-profit organizations is under the background of society alteration and government reform is the important condition for non-profit organization development. At the mean time, the growth of non-profit organizations plays an active and promoting role in the government reform. The government reform and non-profit organizations depend on, restrict and promote each other. The third part analyzes the factors influencing the development of Chinese non-profit organizations. It points out the influence on the development of non-profit organizations in China from the outer and inner environment and system in the turning period. The fourth is the thought of the future of non-profit organizations in China. Nowadays, since non-profit organizations are still in the primary stage of development, focusing on the development of associations, units as well as communities’ non-profit organizations will promote the overall development of non-profit organizations.更多还原