【作者】 梁桂航；

【导师】 毛恩荣；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 车辆工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车起重机是一种机动灵活、操纵方便、工作可靠的起重设备,应用广泛。由于汽车起重机作业的特殊性,必须确保在任一工况下的起重力矩不得超过所对应的额定力矩,因此,汽车起重机必须安装安全保护装置。 本文基于Intel 16位单片机80C196KC技术,开发汽车起重机全力矩限制器。所研制的全力矩限制器能够实时监测汽车起重机的工作参数,按照起重性能曲线自动控制起重作业,并将数据显示在LCD上;当实测起重力矩超过相应工况下的额定力矩时,LED显示报警装置点亮红色的LED,并进行声音报警和强制停机;全力矩限制器采集监控安全方向的开关信号,以监控起重机向不安全方向运动。当起重机的力矩达到临界点,如起重机继续向不安全方向运动,则全力矩限制器自动控制起重机液压系统的电磁液动阀卸荷,强制停机,此时,只允许液压执行机构朝安全方向运动。为防止卷扬机出现过卷情况,全力矩限制器定时查询卷扬行程开关信号,一旦出现过卷情况,自动停止向上卷扬。此外,全力矩限制器还能自动记录超载状态下的工作参数以及相应的时间,数据存储在时钟芯片的RAM内;断电后,全力矩限制器仍能保护数据安全。 为保证全力矩限制器正常工作,系统具有故障自诊断功能,当发生故障时,故障以代码的形式在LCD显示。 所研制的全力矩限制器符合国家有关的技术标准,通过改变软件参数和传感器的测量范围,可运用于不同型号的汽车起重机。更多还原

【Abstract】 The automobile crane is used widely in agriculture and industry. When an automobile crane is working, the operator must assure that the crane is safe and a certain protection device must be installed to protect the automobile crane.The paper explains the research on the limiter for an automobile crane based on Intel MCS96 serial 16 bits single chip microcomputer. Those parameters are checked in real time while an automobile crane is at work. The data that include the information of weight, length, angle and radius etc. can be displayed on LCD. The red light will be lighted from the LED and the system will alarm or force the machine to stop if the measured moment exceeds the moment of the setting values. The direction is checked in order to judge that the moment is increasing or reducing. The machine will be stopped by force if the crane tends to revolve towards dangerous direction. The crane will work only when it tends to revolve towards safe direction. Also the upward switch of the winding engine can be checked by timer. If the switch is on, the limiter will alarm and stop the machine by force. The limiter can store data that include the value of weight, length, angle, radius and time when the crane is stopped, and also the data can be maintained safely when the power supply is off.The full moment limiter has a module for self-diagnosis. When it does not work normally, the code of error can be displayed on LCD.The full moment limiter has been tested and proved qualified on the spot. It can be adapted to the different serial automobile crane by changing the parameters of software and sensors.更多还原