【作者】 于波；

【导师】 宋兴蕴；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,人们对那些无需考虑语境,仅凭一个句子本身就能对语义做出全面分析的观点产生了越来越多的疑问。当我们谈到一个句子可否被接受时,我们立刻自然地想到这个句子能否被正确使用的语境。 在目前的英语课堂教学中,教师过于遵守传统的教学程序,先进行细致的讲解,然后进行机械地操练,缺乏灵活的教法和语境的创设,影响了学生交际能力的提高,在长期的教学中,本人对以下几个问题进行了思考:语言教学中,作为学生活动的合作者和管理人—教师,如何综合利用语境功能来发挥其作用,如何在教学内容的选择和设计上以及教学结构的安排上,使其具备变化性,挑战性,并富有积极意义:如何想出多种课堂活动形式,以便创造出一种使学生感兴趣的并能共同参与的课堂气氛以提高学生的语言交际能力。 语境即为语言的使用环境。语言分析者必须运用语用学方法来研究语言,把言语资料看作是一种主观表达的记录。表达者在特定的语境下,把语言作为一种交流工具,以达到表达思想,完成计划的目的。而通过对这些言语资料的分析,我们可以从中发掘出语言在特定语境下的使用规律。本文将对语境的两大类:情景语境与外延语境进行分析。至于语境的应用,正如皮特考德在他的应用语言学简介中说的那样,在应用语言学领域,没有一种语言学的研究,原理,和技能是在外语教学之外进行的。因此,应用语言学经常被认为是外语教学的同义词。 本文分析了英语教学的现状,阐述了语境与语言应用的概念及分类,综述了应用语言学理论及相关理论,并利用这些理论与英语教学紧密结合,将英语教学中“如何创设语境,并根据语境进行交际”达到促进学生交际能力提高的培养目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the idea that a linguistic sentence can be fully analyzed without taking ’context’ into account has been seriously questioned. What do we do when asked whether a particular sentence is ’acceptable’? Do we not immediately, and quite naturally, set about constructing some circumstances (i.e. a ’context’) in which the sentence could be acceptably used?In the present English classroom teaching, teachers obey the traditional teaching procedure excessively, they explain knowledge points carefully, then drill them mechanically, lack flexible teaching methods and self-made context, hinder the development of students communicative competence. In the long-term English classroom teaching, some questions have to be reevaluated: As both the coordinator and supervisor of students’ activities---teachers, how to play an important role by synthesizing all kinds of elements of context? How to choose their teaching content, design their own syllabus, and arrange their class structure, which should be various, challenge and meaningful? How to think of varieties of ways to create and achieve a variety of effects to accomplish an interesting and cooperative learning atmosphere?Language context is the ’environment’, or ’circumstances’ in which language is used. The discourse analyst treats his data as the record of dynamic process in which language was used as an instrument of communication in a context by a speaker/writer to express meanings and achieve intentions. Working from the data, the analyst seeks to describe regularities in the linguistic realizations used by people to communicate those meanings and intentions. The paper analyzes the two aspects of context---The context of situation and the expanding context. The application of context belongs to applied linguistics. Just as S. Pit Corder says ’of all the areas of applied linguistics, none has shown the effect of linguistic findings, principles andtechniques more than foreign-language teaching---so much so that the term applied linguistics is often as being synonymous with that task.This paper analyzes the current state of English teaching, sets forth the concepts of linguistic context and application, and the categories of them; synthesizes the theory of Linguistic Application and its related theories, attempts to closely combine the theories with English teaching, and takes English context teaching as devices of fostering and promoting the students communication.更多还原