【作者】 黄树友；

【导师】 刘亚坤；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 水力学及河流动力学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的高速发展,能源需求日益紧张,随之而来的是森林面积日益减少,水土流失加重。在这种情况下,河岸崩塌、水库淤积、河床抬高,将会严重影响水库的正常运行。尾水位的抬高,降低电站的出力,使能源需求进一步紧张。 电站尾水河道整治主要目的之一就是顺畅下游水流、降低下游水位获得一定的水头。一般情况下,投资少,效益高,便于施工,同时对两岸的环境影响小的整治方案才是合理的方案。 由于天然河道水流及河道边界条件变化极其复杂,且相关变量太多,很多问题非现有理论所能描述,也很难根据以往经验得到解决,因此河道水力模型试验就成为解决这类复杂问题的重要手段。本文结合红石水电站尾水河道整治这一实际工程,采用定床模型试验来研究各个清挖工程方案,并观测各种发电流量下的河道水面高程变化情况、采用动床模型研究在宣泄洪水流量下,河道中水流与泥沙运动和河床、河岸、冲刷坑冲刷变形特性,最后确定尾水河道清挖整治方案,同时计算整治后所获得的近期和长期经济效益。 近年来,根据物理方程建立数学模型,利用数值模拟方法在河流问题上的研究得到广泛应用。它具有灵活、快捷和节省人力、物力的优点。本文应用数值模拟的方法研究红石水电站尾水河道的清挖方案,并与试验结果相比较,两者基本上相吻合。 综合试验结果和计算成果,选择经济效益好,投资少,施工方便的方案进一步优化,同时考虑河道的整治、两岸山体的维护、清淤的投资等综合因素设计施工方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the highly developing economy of our country, the needs of the energy are more and more increasing. What is followed is that the forest areas are reduced increasingly, and the soil erosion is aggravating. In this kind of condition, the river shores collapse and the reservoirs are silted up and the river beds drive up. All these affect normal functions of the reservoir. Driving up of the tail water level will reduce the efficiency of the electricity station and make the needs of the energy be further increasing.One of the main purposes is to fluent the downstream and acquire the definite water head by lowering the lever of downstream, In general conditions, we needs a project with little investments but higher efficiency. Furthermore, it should even not affect the environment of the riverside.Due to complexly changing of the boundary conditions of natural watercourse curren and the river and so many related variables, so many problems can not be described using the existing theories, and it is also very difficult to resolve them by experiences. So the watercourse model experiments become very important means to resolve these complicated problems. According to the actual project about Hongshi power station, immobiled bed model examination is chosen to research the changing of water head in various conditions with different flux. Moved bed model is used to research how the bed elevations will change under the different flood flux. In the end, the reasonable project for digging is chosen, and the efficiency is calculated and confirmed.In recent years, according to the physics equations the mathematics model has been established and the ways of numerical simulation has been widely used. It has many advantages, such as fast, with few working, and so on.The results of numerical simulation are used in this project to choose a reasonable project for digging and compare with results of the experiment. The conclusion is that the two results are corresponding to each other.hi the end, comparing with the results of experiment and the calculation, the most economical project that is also easily put in practice is chosen. Moreover this project takes care of the riverine renovation and the maintenance of the mountain beside the river, and cares economically the investment too.更多还原