【作者】 马萍；

【导师】 刘丽明；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 国民经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 在全球化和知识经济的背景下,快速发展的区域出现产业集群特征。许多发达国家和发展中国家都存在具有竞争力的产业集群。这些产业集群对提高产业素质和产业竞争力、提升城市和区域经济竞争力具有巨大的作用。但是由于内部或外部的力量,并非每个产业集群都能够获取竞争优势,而且长久保持。原因众多,产业集群中的集体学习就是其中一个重要的原因。因此,十分有必要对产业集群中的集体学习进行深入研究。这对于发展产业集群具有重要的意义。本文主要从集体学习的作用、动因、过程和机制等方面展开分析。界定了集体学习的概念,分析其特征并对它在产业集群成长和发展的作用进行分析。采用交易费用理论、资源观理论、知识外溢性理论和协同理论对集体学习的动因进行分析。为了更好地理解集体学习的过程,本文从知识观的角度,在集群和集群成员两个层面上分析,并分析了影响集体学习过程的因素以及集体学习的拓展。集体学习作用的发挥离不开集体学习机制,集体学习机制有其建立的前提条件,这些前提条件发挥着重要的作用。集体学习机制是在一定的前提条件下,由动力机制、知识流动机制、知识共享机制、有组织的人才教育和培训机制以及相关的制度环境和技术环境构成的。构建有效的集体学习机制需要集群企业、集群代理机构和集群公共部门以及当地政府相关部门采取一定的具体措施。武汉·中国光谷的光电子信息产业集群中集体学习现象并不明显,集体学习机制也没有形成,有许多障碍成因,针对这些成因本文提出了相关的政策建议。本文主要采用理论研究与实证研究相结合的方法对产业集群中的集体学习现象及机制进行研究。鉴于集体学习对产业集群成长和发展的推动作用,有必要自觉地在产业集群中构建集体学习机制。特别是象武汉光谷这类处于产业集群初级阶段的产业组织,更需要充分发挥集体学习的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With globalization and the knowledge economy, regions with fast development feature new characteristic of industrial clusters. In many developed and developing countries there exists some competitive clusters, which boost the relevant industry quality and competitiveness and the competitiveness of cities and regional economy as well. However, not every industrial cluster can achieve the competitive advantage and maintain it for a long period because of internal and external causes. There are a lot of reasons to explain it, among which the collective learning in industrial clusters is of importance. So it is necessary to have a deep research on it, which will be of great help to the development of industrial clusters.This paper focuses on four aspects of the collective learning, namely its role, causes, process and mechanism. On the basis of plenty of relevant documents and materials home and abroad, this paper begins with the conception of the collective learning and its characteristics and also analyzes its role in the development of industrial clusters. The theories of transaction cost, resource,knowledge spillover and synergy are deployed to analyze the causes of the collective learning. In order to well understand the collective learning process, the paper explains it from two angles, the cluster and the clustering member, with knowledge perspective. And the factors, which affect the collective learning process, are analyzed and learning from outside industrial clusters as well. The collective learning cannot live without its mechanism. The preconditions to establish the collective learning mechanism and their roles are analyzed. And with these preconditions and related institutional and technical background, the collective learning mechanism consists of the impetus mechanism, the knowledge-flowing mechanism, the knowledge-sharing mechanism and the systematical education and train mechanism, and particular measures from clustering enterprises, cluster agents and public sectors and related sectors of the local government to construct it are analyzed. Last but not least, the paper analyzes the <WP=5>phenomenon of the collective learning in China Optical Valley in Wuhan and shows that the phenomenon is not obvious and the collective learning mechanism has not come into being. And then related policies and suggestions are presented.Accompanied with the theoretical exploration, empirical study is also conducted in the paper. For the role the collective learning played in the development of industrial clusters, it is necessary to construct the collective learning mechanism in the industrial cluster, especially China Optical Valley in Wuhan, which is still on the early clustering stage and needs greatly to bring the collective learning into play.更多还原