【作者】 曾筝；

【导师】 周建中；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 面貌复原对人种特征研究、尸体鉴别认证及面部矫形手术具有重要意义,已经在法医人类学、体质人类学和古人类学中得到广泛地研究和应用。早期采用手工二维描绘或三维雕塑进行面貌复原,凭经验实现,主观、低效且可变性差。将计算机技术运用于面貌复原的研究中,使得复原技术有了新的发展,但由于目前全头密层CT资源的匮乏,全球均采用基于面部软组织厚度的计算机辅助面貌复原,无论是类似手工雕塑的由颅骨标志点推演出对应的面皮数据点进行三维构建,还是将现成的数字化人脸通过调节皮肤厚度来适应颅形,都过程繁琐,需要人工干预,且精度受面部特征点难以定位及知识库缺乏所限。随着计算机图形学和医学影像技术的飞速发展,在提供可视化开发平台的同时,还为同步虚拟重构面部和颅骨提供了海量的数据集,从而形成三维知识库来描述面形与颅形间的关系。本文在获取大样本全头CT切片的基础上,对CT图片进行处理,准确地提取出面部及颅骨边界轮廓曲线,通过对轮廓曲线的拟合建立统一的能够表征面形和颅形的数学模型,同时考虑地域、种族及胖瘦因素对面貌的影响,运用人工神经网络寻求面貌与颅骨模型之间的关系,进行基于颅骨的面貌复原。实验结果证明,这种面貌复原方法方便、快捷、准确。三维面貌复原的虚拟模型技术不仅对法医人类学、体质人类学和古人类学的研究有着重大的科学意义和实用价值,也将用于颅骨的身份认证及面部手术的术前预测等领域,对学术研究和人民生活具有显著的理论及现实价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Facial reconstruction is very important to ethnics research, individual authentication and orthopedic operation. It is widely studied and applied in forensic medicine, physical anthropology and palaeoanthropology. In old days, 2D manual paint and 3D manual sculpture of estimating the appearance of the individual from his or her skull are extremely expensive and time-consuming. Normally a single facial estimate is produced and publicized. Nowadays, computer technology is used in reconstruction and it promotes reconstruction technology. On account of absence of mass CT images of whole head, all reconstruction methods today are based on thickness of soft tissue. These methods include acquiring data points on face from those points representing tissue thickness on skull or adjusting digital face to fit skull. All these methods are troublesome and need artificial operation.The development of computer graphics and medical image provide not only scientific visualization platform, but also a great capacity database for virtual faces and skulls. This thesis makes research on mass CT images of whole head. Firstly, these images are pretreated. Then, facial and skull’s contours are exactly extracted and imitated. Lastly, relation between the model of face and skull is searched using artificial neural networks, and at the same time, many factors are taken into account, such as age, race and body fat content. Virtual model of 3D facial reconstruction techniques not only has important scientific and applied value to the research of forensic medicine, physical anthropology and palaeoanthropology, but also be useful to identity discrimination and forecast to facial operation. It has important academic and practical value to science research and life.更多还原