【作者】 金刚善；

【导师】 李彦；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 动力工程及工程热物理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 太阳能半导体制冷是一个非常新颖并逐渐为人们所重视的制冷技术。在目前能源紧缺、电力紧张的情况下,太阳能半导体制冷技术有着更为重要的现实意义。国内外目前研究的太阳能半导体制冷基本局限于太阳能半导体冰箱以及太阳能半导体制冰机等小型装置,而且没有综合使用半导体制热的功能。本文综合使用了半导体制冷和半导体制热功能,采用太阳能供电系统,制冷/制热空间的形状和大小模拟实际的岗楼,从而提供了一套太阳能半导体制冷/制热系统。制冷和制热功能由半导体制冷/制热单元来完成,该制冷/制热单元由散热和散冷性能比较好的散热器和半导体热电堆组合而成,使用的散热器在我们选择的市场上5种制冷效果比较好的肋片式散热器中的散热和散冷效果最佳。本文分别对该系统的制冷和制热性能进行了实验研究。在制冷实验的可行性实验研究中,在制冷空间因材料和制作的原因导致传热量大大高于设计值的情况下,制冷空间内部温度在环境温度为35℃时仍然可以保持和环境温度近7℃的温差,制冷系数可以达到0.4,从而证实了本太阳能半导体制冷/制热系统的制冷功能是可以实现的,并且为制冷空间的改进提供了很好的依据。改进后的制冷/制热空间更接近于实际的岗楼,并且制冷/制热效果更理想。制热实验结果说明在室外温度0℃左右,室内温度可以很快达到20℃左右的稳定值,供热系数可以达到0.6~0.8。实验证明,本实验系统可以很好地解决夏季制冷,冬季制热的要求,同时,具有很好的节能意义。本实验可以为太阳能半导体制冷/制热的解决方案提供很好的指导意义,可以推动太阳能半导体制冷/制热系统的市场化,具有很高的实用价值和市场价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The solar semiconductor refrigeration is a very novel refrigeration technology, which is more and more recognized. In recent years, because of the shortage of energy and electric power, the solar semiconductor refrigeration technology is more important. The solar semiconductor refrigeration in research is almost limited to midget plants such as solar semiconductor freezer and solar semiconductor ice machine, and the heating function is ignored in the research above. In this project, we use not only the semiconductor refrigeration function but also the semiconductor heating one by using the solar power supply system. The form and the size of the refrigerating or heating environment simulate the practical watchtower. Through the manner above, we can produce a sort of solar semiconductor refrigeration and heating system. The refrigeration and the heating function are realized by the semiconductor refrigeration/heating element which is composed of semiconductor thermopile and some heat sinks which can eliminate heat effectively. The heat sinks we use are the best 5 types of finned radiator which can eliminate heat most effectively in market.In this thesis, we do research on the refrigeration and the heating function of this system respectively. In the feasibility test of the refrigeration experiment, the temperature in the refrigeration environment can be lower as 7℃ as the outside temperature stably when the outside temperature is about 35℃,and the refrigerating coefficient can reach 0.4 . In this experiment, by reason of the material and the production of the refrigerating environment, the amount of heat transfer is much higher than the design value, and it not only verifies that the refrigeration function of the solar semiconductor refrigeration/heating system can be realized, but also supplies some good information for improving the refrigeration environment. The refrigerating/heating environment improved is more similar to the practical <WP=5>watchtower, and the effect of refrigeration/heating is better. The result of the heating experiment states that when the outside temperature is about 0℃, the inside temperature can reach about 20℃ rapidly and stably, and the heating coefficient can reach between 0.6 and 0.8. The result of the experiment states that the experiment system can solve the demand of refrigeration in summer and heating in winter well. At the same time, the energy saving significance of the system is so important that it is worth spreading widely in our country. The experiment has practical significances in the resolvent of the solar semiconductor refrigeration/heating. Meanwhile, the experiment can promote the general adoption of the market principle of the solar semiconductor refrigeration/heating system with great use and market value.更多还原