【作者】 张悦；

【导师】 胡志清；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 外国语言学与应用语言学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 官方新闻发布语言(OPRL)是指政府官员或外交发言人在新闻发布会上代表政府观点和立场回答记者提问时所使用的语言。虽然语言学家和社会学家已经在相关领域进行了一定的研究,但至今与新闻发布语言的文体特征高度相关的文献还是比较少见的。本文采用取自中国和美国官方网站的英文版新闻发布记录为语料,对该语域的文体特征从概念、人际和谋篇三个维度进行了讨论,目的是发现官方新闻发布英语(OPRE)的语篇构建规律和语义的传递及理解规律。从总体上说,本文是一个以数据统计为支持的定性讨论。列入统计的变量包括词汇密度、过程分布、平均句子长度、语体分值、语气分布和对合作原则的违反几项。研究的基本方法是统计这些变量在各片断中出现频率的总数和其所占的百分比。其他一些难以量化的变量,比如:词汇、句法和篇章特征则以举例法和观察法为辅助进行讨论。并且,为了进一步说明中、美官方新闻发布英语这两种亚语域的文体特征,作者通过独立T检验来验证了两方数据差异的显著性。研究结果显示:官方新闻发布英语是一种正式而客观的口语体,用于发表政府对重大事件的立场及评论。在新闻发布会上,记者和发言人并不具有同等的地位,双方互有优势和劣势。双方交流中还体现出了发言人的权威性。另一方面,尽管官方新闻发布英语很正式,它仍旧具有典型的口语体特征,如:发布会主体由问答相邻对组成,打断、重复和修正结构的广泛存在等等。在该语域的总体特征下,中、美两方的官方新闻发布英语在词汇密度、句子长度和过程分布几个方面体现出了显著差异,说明中方的官方新闻发布英语比美方更为正式。本文对官方新闻英语的文体特征进行了较为全面的描述。研究发现对于时事评论员搜集资料和官方发言人进行新闻发布都具有参考意义。同时,也为普通读者提供了理解并欣赏该种语言艺术的参考标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 Official press release language (OPRL) is the language used by government officials or spokespersons at press conferences, on behalf of the government, to express their viewpoints on certain important events or to answer questions from the mass media. Linguists and sociologists have carried out some research on it in the relevant aspects. However, so far not much directly related exploration has shed light on stylistic features of OPRL. By using English-versioned transcript of Chinese and American official press conference, the thesis will study the stylistic features of the official press release English (OPRE) in the three meta-functional dimensions: ideational, interpersonal and textual, aiming to find out how the discourse is composed and how the meaning is conveyed and interpreted. The thesis is a qualitative study with data proof as a whole. Lexical density, processes distributing, average sentence length, formality, mood distribution and violation of Gricean Cooperative Principle are the parameters to be under statistics. Generally, in each segment, the total number of a certain parameter will be counted, with its proportion and average being calculated. Other parameters such as lexical, sentential and textual features are difficult to be quantified. Therefore methods of observation and exemplification are applied to support discussions on turn taking, correcting structures, repetition, interruption and adjacency pairs etc. Furthermore, in order to further dig into the stylistic features of the sub-registers, the independent t-test is used to verify whether the statistical difference is significant enough to distinguish Chinese OPRE and American OPRE from each other.Through the three-dimensioned discussion, we conclude that OPRE is a formal and objective spoken language applied at official press conferences, revealing the government’s reaction to important domestic and international events. At the conferences the reporters and the spokesperson do not share a peer-to-peer relationship. Each party has both initiatives and disadvantages. Ascendancy of the spokesperson is observed during the communication. Formal though it is, the composing of OPRE discourse is still marked with spoken features. Question-answer adjacency pairs construct the main body of the <WP=7>whole conference. Interruption, repetition and correcting structures appear frequently. Under the general features of the register, Chinese OPRE and American OPRE distinguish from each other by significant differences in aspects of lexical density, average sentence length and process distribution, which reveals that Chinese OPRE is more formal than American OPRE.The thesis provides a comprehensive description of the stylistic features of OPRE. The research findings are good reference for commentators to effectively obtain information from foreign official press conferences, and for domestic spokespersons or their interpreters to make speeches that better meet the global customs. It also offers the reader some clues to understand and appreciate the language arts of the particular register.更多还原