【作者】 昌鹏；

【导师】 陆继东；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 热能工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们生活水平的提高,国民经济的发展,我国每年垃圾产量惊人。城市垃圾处理方法主要多种处理方式,其中垃圾焚烧处理技术由于在减容化、无害化、资源化方面的综合效果,作为一种技术比较成熟的处理方式在我国的大中型城市得到大力推广应用。垃圾焚烧是多种燃烧形式综合的过程,同时它的燃烧也伴随着一些污染物的产生,例如二恶英、NOX、重金属和粉尘等。结合垃圾焚烧炉运行特点,对垃圾焚烧的燃烧机理和污染物生成机理进行研究,发现燃烧的稳定性是保证垃圾焚烧处理效果、抑止污染物生成的主要原因。但是垃圾原料因季节、居民水平等因素,影响了焚烧的稳定性。焚烧炉的燃烧过程是强耦合的多输入多输出非线性系统,传统的燃烧过程自动控制难以实现垃圾稳定焚烧的要求。保证垃圾焚烧炉处理效果急需先进的燃烧稳定性控制技术。温度是保证燃烧稳定性的关键参数,温度过低将导致大量有害污染物的生成,造成垃圾处理二次污染,温度过高又带来其他问题。控制垃圾焚烧温度、保证垃圾焚烧过程的稳定成为垃圾的清洁、经济处理的重要方法,也是目前重要的研究方向。基于当前垃圾焚烧炉的控制现状,在简单模糊控制的基础上,引入加权因子的概念,设计了加权因子自适应模糊控制器,对垃圾焚烧的温度进行控制。该方法在Matlab中进行了仿真,仿真结果表明模糊自适应方法具有良好的控制效果,是解决垃圾焚烧过程炉温不稳定的有效途径。结合工程实际,按照自适应模糊控制器的设计方法,开发了一套垃圾焚烧炉燃烧过程稳定性控制系统。该套系统建立在垃圾焚烧炉在线监测与数据库管理平台的基础之上,能实时计算输出控制量,实现对垃圾焚烧炉的自适应控制,得到更佳的稳定性效果。最后对工作进行了总结和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of civil life and the development of economy, the total yield of municipal solid waste (MSW) per year is astonished. There are four main ways to dispose MSW. In those ways, for the integrated advantage in reduction, innocuity and resource, the disposal technology of municipal solid waste combustion has been applied and popularized in large or middle size city.Combustion of MSW is a synthetic process of many combustion forms. At the same time in the combustion process, mass of nocuous pollutants, such as PCDD/PCDFs, NOx, trace elements and fly ash, will be induced. Combined the operation of MSW incinerator with the analysis of the combustion mechanism and pollutants inducing-mechanism, stability of combustion is discovered as main reason to insure the disposal effect of MSW combustion and to restrain the pollutants. Because MSW ingredient is influenced by season and environment, stability of combustion can’t be insured. The process of burning in incinerator is a coupling non-linearity, multi in-out system, traditional automation of burning process is difficult to stabilize the combustion of MSW. A new advance control system of process of burning is required.Temperature is a key parameter which improves the stability of combustion. Controlling combustion temperature and stabilizing combustion process, which is key measure to reduce the emission of pollutants from incinerator and keep MSW disposed economically, has become an important research object.According to the status of incinerator control system and based on the simple fuzzy control theory, the conception of weight factor has been introduced. A adaptive fuzzy control system, including weight factor, has been designed to control the chamber temperature of incinerator. According to the simulation of the control system, result of the simulation suggests that the intelligent control system is a good method to solve the problem of the incineration temperature control objective.According to the process of construction of adaptive fuzzy control system, an adaptive fuzzy control program, which will applied to stabilize the combustion process of MSW in incinerator, has been developed on the bases of our research project. The adaptive fuzzy control program, which is based on the in-site monitor and database of incinerator, can compute the real-time output control parameter, realize the adaptive control to incinerator and get a better stability of incinerator. <WP=5>Finally, the thesis summarized the studies and put forward problems for further research.更多还原