【作者】 胡德胜；

【导师】 黄庆安； 张中平；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 气象检测的趋势是要逐渐实现自动化、微型化、远程化。这要求气象数据采集系统能够及时、准确、可靠的采集到远程气象数据。如何保证能从远程的自动气象站及时、准确、可靠地采集到气象数据就要从采集系统的软件和硬件上来着手。由于气象数据的采集要求不高,所以采集系统的硬件可以采用比较成熟的硬件方案。这样可以既可以满足采集要求,又可以降低整个系统的成本。本论文所采用的数据采集的硬件方案由:微处理器、预处理机、中心计算机组成。其中微处理器和预处理机加上气象传感器就组成了一个自动气象站的硬件系统。而气象数据采集系统的系统软件则没有很成熟开发方案的可供使用,因为不同的气象数据采集系统对气象数据的要求不同。本论文重点介绍中心计算机上的数据采集系统软件开发的开发过程。整个的开发过程主要分为软件需求分析、软件设计、软件编程、软件测试和运行维护等五个阶段。本论文的工作是依次按照这个五个过程逐渐完成的。本论文首先介绍了整个系统的硬件组成情况和软件的开发要求,随后重点介绍了气象检测微系统软件中的两个核心模块——通信模块和数据处理模块——的实现过程,随后介绍了软件的操作流程以及与其对应的软件界面,最后总结了调试、测试、运行过程中发现的问题以及软件需要改进的部分。最终本气象数据采集系统能完成的主要任务有:可靠采集温度、相对湿度、气压、能见度、风速风向等这些气象要素的数据。各种数据能按不同的要求进行显示、保存和发布。各个硬件之间能顺利完成通信。各个自动气象站能够自动完成各种预设的任务。中心计算机可以在自动和值守两种模式下工作,这减少了许多人工劳动。论文中所讲述的关于开发气象数据采集系统软件的过程,以及如何实现远程通信和如何设计合理的软件的人机界面的方法对开发同类型的应用系统具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The meteorological data acquisition system is expected to be able to acquire remote meteorological data timely, accurately and reliably to realize automation of meteorological measurement and remote meteorological measurement. At the same time, the quality of the meteorological data acquisition system need to be enhanced through software and hardware.. Because the acquisition of the meteorological data is not very high, mature and available hardware system scheme is adopted. Thus, the requirement of the acquisition is satisfied and the cost of the whole system is reduced. The hardware scheme of the meteorological data acquisition system includes a microprocessor , a preprocessing computer and a central computer. An automatic meteorological station is composed of the microprocessor, the preprocessing computer and meteorological microsensors.But different meteorological data acquisition system has different requirements of meteorological data, So the thesis focuses on the complementation of the software of the meteorological systems. The development of the system software includes the requirement analysis of the software, the design of the program flow process, coding, the test of the software, and the maintenance of the system software.Firstly, the frame of the meteorological system and the requirements of the development program of software are introduced; Secondly, two key modules of the software, communication modular and data processing modular are discussed. Thirdly, the operation flow and user interface of the software are presented. At last, some problems during the debug and the performance of the software are discussed, and some ports of the software which need to be improved are discussed.The data acquisition system can fulfill five main functions as follows:acquisition of the meteorological data such temperature, atmospheric, pressure, visibility, wind velocity and direction with high reliability.displaying, preservation and issuance of different meteorological data according to different requirements.communication between different hardwareevery automatic meteorological station can accomplish mission designated in advance.the central computer can work in automatic mode and on-duty mode. The procedure of the development of the software, the realization of the remote communication and the design of man-computer interface are useful for the design of similar system.更多还原