【作者】 王倩；

【导师】 里赞；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 法律， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 法国资产阶级启蒙思想家孟德斯鸠指出：“一切有权力的人都容易滥用权力，这是万古不易的一条经验。有权力的人使用权力一直到遇有界限的地方才休止。” 凡是权力都必须受到监督。在国家权力中，行政权既是国家权力中最动态、最有力的一种权力，也是对政治、经济、社会和公民民主权利和切身利益影响最直接、最关键的一种权力。因此，也最容易对公民权利和利益造成损害，最容易被滥用和产生腐败。所以，对权力的监督，核心是对行政权的监督。行政权所及的范围之广泛、内容之庞杂和责任之直接，都是其他诸种权力所无与伦比的。而要使行政速达预期的目标，预防和制止行政权力的滥用和腐败，监督的环节便是须臾不可忽视的。如是，行政执法监督便由此而生，它是国家监督的整个体系中不可缺少的一个重要的组成部分。 改革开放以来，我国对行政权监督的措施、方法、体系得到了不断的发展，初步形成了具有中国特色的行政权力监督制约体系，但从行政权力监督制约体系的现状来看还很不完善，加上新旧经济体制转换、政府职能的转变，对行政权力的监督制约尚存在诸多缺陷。市场经济呼唤健全的行政法制，市场经济迫切要求加强和完善对行政权的监督。如何在保障行政权的同时有效地约束行政权、防止行政权的滥用，为市场经济的发展创造一个良好的社会环境和调控环境，无疑成了一个需要尽速完成的、富有实践意义的重要课题。本文作者作为一名从事行政法制工作的新兵，在借鉴法学者的研究成果的基础上，从制约行政权的角度对行政执法监督的基本理论、价值、运行机制、未来展望等方面进行了粗浅的研究与探索。全文共四个部分。下面仅对文章的主要内容作简要阐述。 一、绪论。概述了行政执法监督的涵义，简要介绍了中外行政执法监督的历史发展情况，阐述了行政执法监督的主要特征，从不同的标准、不同的角度对行政执法监督的种类进行了划分，同时，详细分析并提出了行政执法监督应当遵循的基本原则。作者试图通过这些阐述加深对行政执法监督重要作用及意义的认识。 二、行政执法监督的价值分析。行政执法监督的价值在行政执法监督的整个理论体系占有重要的地位，对行政执法监督机制的运行具有重要意义。作者认为，研究行政执法监督机制，有必要对行政执法监督的价值作出理论上的分析。由此，作者从实现公正正义之目标、实现公正之方法、实现依法行政之需要三个方面对行政执法监督的价值进行了简要阐述。 三、行政执法监督的运行机制。行政执法监督机制，应当是监督主体的权力配置及其权力行使的方法、制度的运行过程，‘要使行政执法监督的作用得以充分发挥，机制的建立及运行至关重要。作者从四个方面阐述了行政执法监督的运行机制:一是，介绍了西方国家和我国对行政权监督的体系模式;二是，以瑞典、美国、法国为例，介绍了西方国家对行政权监督的运行机制;三是，对西方国家对行政权监督的体系模式和运行机制的评鉴:四是，通过对我国行政执法监督中内部监督和外部监督的阐述，揭示出我国现行的、有中国特色的行政执法监督的运行机制。 四、我国行政执法监督机制之缺失及未来展望。行政执法监督机制在国家宏观法律监督体制中至关重要，但从行政权力监督制约机制的现状来看还很不完善。作者通过对我国行政执法监督机制目前存在的六个方面的缺陷的分析，就完善我国行政执法监督机制从五个方面提出建议，谈了自己的粗浅认识，并满怀信心地展望未来的发展趋势。关键词:行政执法监督论管理制约更多还原

【Abstract】 Montesquieu, a great thinker in the Age of Enlightment, ever pointed out, " Anyone in power is likely to abuse the power. It’s a eternal fact. The man in power only stops at the limit of power."So, power should be under the supervision of the people. Among all kinds of power, administrative power is both the most dynamic and powerful one and the most relative to civil rights and public interests. It also easily leads to the harm of individual rights and interests. Then, the core of supervision is to supervise the administrative power. To reach the expected target of administration, proper supervision of power is necessary. That’s the reason we should enlist the supervision of administration into the national supervision system.As far as China is concerned, the country has developed its own measures and system in supervision of administrative power. But it is far from perfection. The market-oriented economy needs a health administrative legal system and a political environment with the power under control. Then, how to create a good atmosphere for the economic development is a crucial issue for China. As a freshman in administrative legal section, the author takes her own perspect to probe into the fundamental theory, value, operating mechanism, outlook of supervision of administration, i. e."check-up" of administrative power.The dessertation is divided into four parts as follow,(1)Introduction .That includes the concept of supervision of administration, the development of supervision of administration in domestic and abroad, characteristicsof supervision of administration.(2)Value analysis of supervision of administration. Because the value of supervision of administration plays an important role in the overall theoretical system, the author gives a concise interpretation of the value of supervision of administration.(3) The operating mechanism of supervision of administration . the operating mechanism plays a crucial role in the supervision system. So the author takes a review over the experience and lessons of western countries such as Sweden, the United States and France. At the end of the review, the author demonstrates the operating mechanism of supervision of administration in China.(4) The failure and outlook of supervision of administration in China. The supervision of administration is crucial to national macro-legal supervision system. But the present condition is far from perfection. The author analyzes the six faults in supervision mechanism of administration in China and gives her own suggestions and positive outlook of the development of China’s administrative legal system.更多还原