【作者】 刘哲；

【导师】 郝正里； 李发弟；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 选用4只1岁左右，装有瘤胃永久瘘管和十二指肠近端套管的杂种生长羯羊，按2×3交叉试验设计，分为2组，交替饲喂以玉米秸和苜蓿为粗料（A组，精粗比为1：1）和以小麦秸和苜蓿为粗料（B组，精粗比为5.3：4.7）的等消化能、等氮饲粮。每期试验19天（预试期10天，正试期9天），全期试验共57天。测定了瘤胃消化代谢参数和血浆尿素氮浓度：以Cr₂O₃为食糜标记物测定了绵羊十二指肠食糜流通量，并结合全收粪法测定了瘤胃内、瘤胃后和全消化道的营养物质表观消化率及氮表观存留率。试验结果表明：（1）采食两种饲粮绵羊的瘤胃代谢参数均无显著差异（p＞0.05），但A料pH值有高于B料的趋势，瘤胃氨态氮（NH₃-N）的动态变化较B料平稳，两饲粮的上述参数均处于正常范围。（2）十二指肠食糜流量、氮流量，瘤胃内、瘤胃后及全消化道的干物质（DM）和氮的消化率无显著差异（p＞0.05），全消化道ADF、NDF消化率及氮表观存留率也无显著差异（p＜0.05），但A料全消化道DM、ADF的消化率及氮的表观存留率有大于B料的趋势。两种饲粮的各养分表观消化率均较高。（3）采食两种饲粮绵羊的血浆尿素氮（PUN）无显著差异（p＞0.05），均处于正常范围内。由试验结果可得出结论，用本试验两种全饲粮颗粒料饲喂绵羊均可取得较为理想的效果。但A料有优于B料的趋势。因此，在玉米秸充足的情况下，应优先选择A配方，这既可取得较好的效果，也有利于节省精料；而在小麦秸充足的情况下，可选择B配方，以充分利用当地秸秆资源，降低饲料成本。更多还原

【Abstract】 In a 2 X 3 crossing design trial, Four one years old hybrid wethers with rumen perpetual fistula and duodenal frontal side cannula were didided into 2 groups, and the complete pellet diet with roughage comprising of corn-stalk and alfalfa(diet A, 50% concentrate, 50% roughage) and the diet with roughage comprising of wheat-straw and alfalfa(diet B, 53% concentrate ,47% roughage) were fed alternatively to these 2 groups. The concentrations of digested energy(DE) and nitrogen(N) are equal between two diets. A period of 19 days, there are three periods (57 days)in the trial, the followings were measured by using Cr2O3 to mark digesta and collecting feces completely: The rumen parameters of digestion and metabolism and the concentration of plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) ; The flow of duodenal digesta; The apparent digestibilities of nutrients in rumen, postrumen and total tract and the apparent nitrogen retention of wethers. The results show that (l)there are no significant different about the rumen metabolic parameters of wethers between two treatments (p>0.05 ) . While there is a tendency that the rumen fluid pH value of treatment A is higher than that of treatment B; The variation of rumen fluid ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) of treatment A is more steady than that of treatment B. Both the parameters above vary within normal range when wethers fed with diet A or diet B. (2)There are no significant differents about the flows of duodenal digesta and N in digesta, and about the apparent digestibilities of dry matter(DM) and N in rumen, postruminal and total tract between two treatments. The differents of the digestibilities of ADF , NDF in total tract and the different of the apparent nitrogen retention are also not significant between two treatments(p>0.05).While there is a tendency that the total tract digestibilities of DM and NDF and the apparent nitrogen retention of treatment A are higher than those of B. Both the apparent digestibilities of all nutrients measured are high in two diets. (3)There is no significant different about PUN of wethers between two treatments (p>0.05) , and both PUN of two treatments vary within normal range. It is concluded that both satisfying consequences can be gained when feeding wethers with two complete pellet diets concerned in the study. But, because there is a tendency that diet A is superior to diets B, formula of diet A should be chosen if corn-stalk is sufficient here. Such can gain better effect and is also beneficial to saving concentrate; While if wheat-straw is sufficient here, formula of diet B should be chosen in order to make full use of native straw and to lower cost of diet.更多还原