【作者】 马世海；

【导师】 姚飞；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 化学工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文建立了工业芳烃抽提装置的动态模拟系统，超实时模拟了开停车过程、正常工况和事故状态下的动态现象。本系统具有报警和连锁、历史趋势记录、时标设定、状态记忆和恢复及自动成绩评定等功能。实际应用于工厂并取得了良好效果。 本文在模型闪蒸计算中，引入了适合于动态模拟的定容闪蒸模型算法。该模型中压力由物料平衡、热量平衡及相平衡联解求得。算法采用“双层法”确定相平衡方程的参数，既保证了计算的精确度和稳定性，又符合动态模拟快速的要求。 本文将多组分分离体系分为两大类：一是准理想体系的分离，二是高度非理想体系的分离。对前者建立了基于机理模型的动态模拟模型算法，给出了具体的求解方法。对后者即高度非理想体系的分离操作，引入了超理论级的概念，实现了对其实时动态模拟，由于该方法同样基于机理模型，因而有较好的精确度与通用性。这种方法对其它涉及高度非理想体系分离操作的模拟有很好的借鉴价值。 实践证明本文开发的全流程动态模拟系统，能较真实地反映装置开停车及事故状态的动态效果，不仅可用于操作人员的现场培训，而且可用于操作人员进行生产工艺设计优化和控制方案设计研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 A dynamic simulation system for aromatic hydrocarbon extraction is developed to simulate processes of starting and stopping, operations under normal and abnormal conditions with a super real time speed. The system has many functions such as alarming and interlocking, history recording, time scale setting, running state freezing and melting, skill evaluating and so on. The system has been practiced in the plant and achieved a satisfactory result.In flash calculation, a constant volume flash model is adopted in this paper. The pressure in this model is determined by mass balance, energy balance and phase equilibrium. It uses "Inside-Out" approach to determine phase equilibrium parameters, which not only guarantees the accuracy and stability, but also improves the speed of calculation.The multi-component separation systems are divided into two different kinds in this paper. The former is the separation of norm-ideal materials and the latter is the separation of highly non-ideal materials. This paper provides an arithmetic method based on rigorous model for dynamic simulation and solving methods for the former system. A "super-theoretical stage" concept is used in order to carry out the real-time dynamic simulation for the latter system. This technique is also based on rigorous model and has a satisfactory precision and feasibility. It can also be used in other simulation systems that have separation system with non-ideal materials.A dynamic simulation system for aromatic hydrocarbon extraction has been practiced in the plant. The application shows that this system can be used to guide practical plant operation and process reforming, optimize operating parameters.更多还原