【作者】 王军；

【导师】 李瑾瑜；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 学生评教是学生通过教学过程对教师教学工作中各要素的综合认知，依据一定的标准体系，从学习者角度对其教学工作进行的定性与定量的评估。学生评教自产生之日起便引起了极大的争论和关注。争论的焦点已由过去“要不要学生评教?”转向集中探讨“如何改进和提高学生评教的有效性”问题之上。由于有效性问题涉及学生评教的理念、指标体系的构建、评教实施过程的操作程序、评教人员的素质、评教结果的使用和解释等各个环节和步骤，所以对学生评教的有效性这一焦点问题进行全面、系统而深入地研究，对促进我国高校教学改革具有十分重要的理论价值和实践意义。 学生评教有效性问题是学生评教一切问题中的核心和关键，目前我国高校教学体制改革的“瓶颈”就集中在这一焦点上。 学生评教有效性问题的实质集中体现在如何发挥其应有的效力、如何增进和提高其效力，也即学生评教是否有利于改进教师的教学、是否有利于提高教学质量、是否有利于教师和学生的双向发展。这使学生评教的有效性问题具有了发展性、建构性、对话性等特点。此外，学生评教还对扩大教学自由权和自主权、增强教学民主意识和服务意识具有较大价值和意义。 要使学生评教充分发挥其效力，必须使学生评教的结构合理、有序，并能有效地排除学生评教过程中的各种干扰因素。这就要求对学生评教的信度和效度给以合理把握与提高，主要包括：制定科学实效的评价指标体系、保证规范有序的操作过程、重在交流、激励的结果解释等等。 为了更好地解决高校学生评教的有效性问题，必须考虑采取以下对策：(一)评教人员的素质决定评教的成败，必须给以双向的培训和提高；(二)评教指标体系的进一步优化，是提高评教有效性的关键，必须使评教走向科学化、规范化、制度化的轨道；(三)现代化的评教系统是提高评教有效性的有力保障，必须构建网络评教系统，促使评教过程全面信息化；(四)学生评教的有效性还在于其结果的合理使用，以及其与其他评教方式的协同进行；(五)评教的重要功能在于它是对话、交流与激励的方式，对其过程和结果进行合理的文化解释，是其发挥效力的根本和最终保证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Students’ evaluation of teaching is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of teaching. It is based on certain criteria and is a comprehensive cognition of the basic elements of the teaching process. It has aroused a great debate since its appearance. At present focus of the debate has shifted from "whether to carry it out" to "how to improve its effectiveness". Since its validity is related to stages or steps such as students’ perception of it, construction of the criterion system, operating procedures in its implementation, students’ ability, and the application and explanation of the results, a profound and comprehensive study on its effectiveness has both theoretical and practical significance to the reform of high education in China.The author holds that the effectiveness of students’ evaluation of teaching is the key to all the problems concerned and it is also the "bottleneck" of the reform of high education system in China.The basic points include how to realize its due effectiveness and how to enhance and improve its effectiveness, that is, whether students evaluation of teaching can help to improve teaching, promote teaching quality and bring benefits to the mutual development of students and teachers. It gives the issue of effectiveness such features as expansible, constructive and negotiable. Besides, the author holds that this practice has great significance in expanding the freedom and autonomy of teaching and in spreading democratic ideas and concepts.The key of its effectiveness lies in its reasonable and orderly construction and effective elimination of the interfering factors in the evaluation, which requires a sound grasp and improvement of the reliability and validity of students’ evaluation of teaching. To meet the demands, a set of scientific and effective evaluating criteria should be set up, regulated and orderly operating procedures should be guaranteed, and exchange and explanation of the results should be emphasized.In order to resolve the effective problems of students’ evaluation teaching, such strategies should be considered to adopt:(l)bidirectional training should be provided to the students, whose ability determines the effectiveness of evaluation; (2)students’ evaluation of teaching should be on a scientific, standardized and systemized track because the improvement of the evaluating system is crucial to the improvement of its effectiveness; (3)modernized and informative network更多还原