【作者】 雷慧；

【导师】 郭层城；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 国民体质历来是世界各个国家非常重视的问题，而对体质研究的重点又落在了对儿童青少年体质的研究上，大学生是国家的栋梁之材，他们的体质状况的好坏直接关系着民族的兴盛国家的未来，我国是一个民族成份众多的国家，对少数民族大学生体质的研究不仅仅是国家民族平等的体现，更重要的是通对过少数民族学生体质的测试，能够了解到少数民族学生的体质状况，为有效提高他们的体质水平提供客观科学的理论依据，进而为民族地区的发展提供更多身心健康的人才。 本文采用文献资料法、测试法、数据统计法和问卷调查法对西北民族大学藏族大学生的体质状况进行了研究，并且和2000年汉族同龄大学生进行了比较，结果发现，藏族大学生的身体形态发育水平较好，男生的体型比较粗壮，女生的身材高且比较结实，男女生的身体充实度均好于汉族。藏族学生的身体机能状况与汉族学生有着很大的不同，主要表现为收缩压、舒张压和脉搏比较低，肺活量略低于汉族学生，这可能与藏族学生从小生活于高原缺氧环境有关。在身体素质方面，除握力和男生耐力外，藏族学生的速度、柔韧性、下肢爆发力、上肢力量、腹肌力量均低于汉族学生，西北民族大学藏族大学生的整体身体素质状况不容乐观，需要引起相关部门的注意。藏族大学生的体育态度较为积极，但对体育活动的认识不够全面，缺乏体育锻炼的基本技能和理论知识，这主要是由于在中学阶段所接受的体育教育的不足造成的。针对以上研究结果，提出了一些具体的建议以改善藏族大学生的体质状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 Many countries realize the importance of improving the physical constitution of their citizens. Since young people are every country’s future, people have put a lot of attention on researching adolescents’ physical constitution. China is a big country, which has many different ethnic minorities, so I focus on researching ethnic minority university students’ physical constitution. The aim of this project is to get a general idea about ethnic minority university students’ present physical constitution situation; moreover carrying out this project I intend to prove that every ethnic minority has equal rights in our country. I hope I will provide some valuable information on the issue of how to improve ethnic minority students’ physical constitution, and then we can send more healthy students to ethnic minority areas.I have used several research approaches in this small study, such as accounts, tests, interviews and survey methods. Furthermore, I carried out a comparative study on physical constitution between Chinese students and Tibetan students. I have found out that in general Tibetan students have a stronger physical constitution than Chinese students. However since Tibetan students live in high plateau, their blood pressure pulse and vital capacity are lower than these of Chinese students. Moreover, Tibetan students’ abilities in running speed; burst force of lower limbs; strength of upper limbs and body flexibility are not as good as like these of Chinese students. All of these findings stress the point that Tibetan students lack sufficient physical exercise in their daily life. We need to pay more attention to this point. Most Tibetan students are willing to participate in many sports. However they need basic teaching and training in how to play. In my study I have given some suggestions on this point and I have stressed the importance of to improve Tibetan students’ physical constitution.更多还原