【作者】 刘延成；

【导师】 张泽廷；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 化学工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 超临界流体萃取(Supercritical Fluid Extraction,简称SFE)是一种新型的萃取分离技术,有着良好的应用前景,对其开展研究有着重大的现实意义。近年来关于超临界流体萃取的研究在基础理论与实际应用等方面均取得了很大的进展。目前,固体溶质在超临界CO2中溶解度的研究及其相关的模型研究是国内外众多学者研究和关注的重点。对于溶解度的测定研究,在萃取物系呈现多样化的同时,系统化的研究还有许多不足;另外对于含夹带剂的超临界流体萃取研究,还远远不能满足理论发展的需要,有关含夹带剂萃取的溶解度数据也还需要不断丰富完善。因此,开展超临界流体萃取的溶解度测定和相平衡研究,是一项重要基础研究工作。本论文在自行建立的固体溶质超临界萃取设备的基础上,采用流动法对一系列固体溶质在超临界CO2中的溶解度进行了测定。所研究的物系包括苯甲酸、α-萘乙酸、β-萘酚、苯乙酸等,所使用的夹带剂包括乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、丙酮、环己烷等。在30～55℃、8.0～35.0MPa的温度和压力范围内,较为系统地研究了苯甲酸和α-萘乙酸在含多种夹带剂超临界CO2中的溶解度,并分析研究了温度、<WP=4>压力和夹带剂对溶解度的影响规律。同时,在本论文实验数据的基础上,结合文献已有的溶解度数据,建立了半经验的“膨胀液体”模型,据此对溶解度数据进行了计算研究,获得了较为理想的计算精度。相对于国外在超临界固体溶解度测定方面的广泛研究,目前国内在此方面(尤其是含夹带剂的情况下)的研究还显不足。本论文所进行的研究工作具有一定的创新性,同时也丰富了文献基础数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is a kind of newly technology of extractive separation. The research on SFE has its distinct significance and with favorable applied foreground. In recent years, the researches about SFE both on fundamental theory and practical application have made rapid progress. Presently, many researches have been emphasized on solubility and model of solid solute in supercritical carbon dioxide. While the diversification of many kinds of solute, the systematization of solubility measurement needs more work to do. Especially the solubility data with co-solvent still cannot meet the need of theoretical development. It needs to be more abundant and perfect. So the solubility measurement <WP=6>and phase equilibrium study on SFE is very important fundamental research work.The solubility of several kinds of solid solute (benzoic acid, α-naphthlcetic acid andβ-naphthol, phenylacetic acid, etc) has been measured with cosolvent such as ethanol, propanol, acetone and cyclohexane, etc. A self-founded continuous flow apparatus was applied in this work. We have systematically studied the solubility of benzoic acid andα-naphthlcetic with several kinds of cosolvent over the pressure range (8.0～35.0 MPa) , from the temperature 30℃ ～ 55℃. And we have also analyzed the affects of pressure, temperature and cosolvent on solubility. On the data, combining the data on literature, a semi-empirical liquid-model has been founded. Calculation on this model gets relative perfect calculative accuracy. Relative to the broad research on solubility on SFE, we domestic study on this is still not enough. It can be found to be original and a considerable contribute to abundance of fundamental data.更多还原