【作者】 张云蓉；

【导师】 王培东；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要研究Linux系统的裁剪问题。裁剪Linux的主要目的就是建立一个与特定嵌入式应用系统的软硬件需求相匹配的嵌入式Linux系统。Linux的性能、可靠性、灵活性和可升级性,与其支持多微处理器体系结构、硬件设备、图形支持和通信协议相结合,把Linux建成了一个日益流行的操作系统平台,它适用于大量的工程和产品。目前随着嵌入式应用的增多和Linux等源代码开放软件的发展,软件开发者越来越多地构建基于Linux的嵌入式系统。在这个过程中,关键的一步就是对Linux内核或者系统关键组件libc的裁剪,而目前对裁剪方法的专门研究还不多。我们描述了创建一个嵌入式Linux的通常过程。其中Linux的内核裁剪一般是利用了Linux自身的条件编译系统,但由于通常的裁剪不涉及对代码的深入了解,所能裁剪的程度不高。本文基于Linux内核的代码分析做Linux的裁剪研究。通过对Linux内核的代码分析,按照需求分析,软件体系结构分析,图示方法的过程,可以对Linux和libc进行功能上的裁剪。另外因为考虑可复用性,原软件采用设计模式,会带来系统冗余的问题,本文提出了设计模式消解方法部分解决了这个问题。另外在上述方法的基础上还提出了基于调用图的裁剪方法。最后,通过以矿热炉微机智能控制系统为目标系统,对Linux进行了裁剪,使其适用于这一特定的嵌入式系统,从而得出了基于代码分析的Linux裁剪方法能够比利用Linux自身的条件编译系统得到更高的裁剪率的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The article mainly studies the Linux system reduction. The main purpose of reducing Linux is to build a embedded Linux system matched with the software/hardware requirement of the special embedded application system. The performance,reliability, agility and upgradablility combine with its sustain for multi-microprocessor framework, hardware equipment, graphics and communication protocols, which make Linux to be a popular OS and fit for a lot of project and production. With the application on the embedded environment increasing and source-free software like Linux developing, many software engineers develop the embedded system based on Linux. In the processes, a key problem is the reduction of Linux kernel and other system software such as libc. But now the studies on the problem are rare.We describe the usual process of creating an embedded Linux system. In the process, the Linux kernel reduction mainly uses the Linux conditional compiling system, which does not need understanding the code deeply. And it does not meet our needs very well.Through the code analysis of Linux kernel, the article researches the reduction of Linux. Based on the code analysis, in the process software requirement analysis, software architecture analysis, and the graphics description of the code, we can reduce the Linux system better. For thinking about reusability, software developers usually adopt design patterns, which makes the program structure bigger. And the article develops the approaches on design pattern elimination. In addition, put forward the reduction method ground on call graph.Finally, taking the mine-hot oven intelligent control system integrated with micro-computer as target system, we reduce Linux so as to make it fitted for the special embedded system. Consequently, we make a conclusion that the reducing <WP=6>method ground on code analysis can receive the higher reducing ratio than that on the Linux conditional compiling system.更多还原