察尔汗盐湖开发引起的地下水污染对生态环境的影响评价

【作者】 孙亚乔；

【导师】 张骏； 钱会；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，由于盐湖工业的迅速发展，对盐湖资源的破坏逐渐加剧，对盐湖生态环境的影响增大，所以进行盐湖开发引起的地下水污染对生态环境影响评价极为重要，但在这方面的研究至今仍是个空白。 本文从论述察尔汗盐湖的生态环境现状着手，系统研究了察尔汗盐湖的水文地质条件、盐湖地下水类型、盐湖地下水补、迳、排条件，并对盐湖地下水水质进行评价。在进行盐湖地下水质评价时，考虑到盐湖资源的特殊性，用单项水质指数法对盐湖地下水工业价值进行评价，明确不同水化学类型的工业利用价值。然后对盐湖开发引起的地下水污染对生态环境的影响进行分析。在分析的基础上，考虑影响盐湖区生态环境质量下降的主要作用因子及对人体的危害，选用K~+、水、等12项组分作为评价因子，利用盐湖生态环境影响评价法对生态环境进行影响评价。评价标准由于考虑盐湖的特殊性，仅从无影响到严重影响进行定性分级。在确定权重的基础上，用综合指数法进行计算，得出评价结果：达布逊区段为轻微影响，其余察尔汗区段，别勒滩区段和霍布逊区段为基本无影响。最后论述了察尔汗盐湖开发存在的问题并提出了实现察尔汗盐湖可持续发展的措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the rapid development of the salt lake industry, serious damage to salt lake resources is appeared; it affects the Eco-Environment of salt lake largely. So it is very important to evaluate the influence on the Eco-Environment by groundwater contamination, which is made by the exploitation of salt lake. But up to now, the correlated research is still blank.Firstly, on the basis of discussing Cha’erhan salt lake eco-environmental actuality, the author systematically studies the hydrogelogical condition of Cha’erhan salt lake, groundwater types of salt lake, conditions of groundwater’s supplement, flow, emission, and evaluates the groundwater quality of the salt lake. Considering the particularity of salt lake recourses, the industrial value of groundwater is evaluated with the method of single water quality index, and the industrial value of different chemical types is confirmed. Then the author analyzes the influents factors of contaminated groundwater with the exploitation of salt lake resources on Eco-Environment. On the basis of analyses, considering the main factors, which can reduce the quality of salt lake environment and jeopardize people’s lives, selecting twelve items such as K+, water as evaluation factors, and using the method of salt lake Eco-Environment influence, the influence of environment is evaluated. For the peculiarity of salt lake, there are not clear and definite classifications of appraising criterions; the classification is ascertained from no influence to serious influence." By ascertaining the evaluating parameters, the result is that the Dabuxun region is slightly polluted; the Cha’erhan region, Bieletan region and Huobuxun region are no polluted. Lastly, the author discussed the problems of salt lake’s exploitation and the way to achieve the sustainable development of Cha’erhan salt lake.更多还原