【作者】 袁立明；

【导师】 顾伯勤； 陈晔；

【作者基本信息】 南京工业大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着新型密封材料的研制开发,作为传统压缩石棉纤维橡胶板的替代材料—压缩非石棉纤维橡胶板(Compressed Non-asbestos Fiber Sheet, CFS)的应用正日益广泛。现场应用及研究表明,老化是高温工况下密封材料性能劣化导致密封失效的主要原因。由于 CFS 工业应用时间不长,缺少长期使用经验,对 CFS 的性能进行评价,特别是开展 CFS 的老化研究,越发显得重要和迫切。在江苏省教育厅高校高新技术产业化项目“非石棉密封复合材料的研究开发”(项目编号:JH01-035)的资助下,本文对目前工业上应用较为广泛的非石棉纤维橡胶基密封复合材料—压缩芳纶纤维增强橡胶板(Compressed Armaid Fiber ReinforceElastomer Sheet, CAS)进行了热氧老化和寿命预测研究,内容包括:1、在分析和研究 CAS 各组份特性的基础上,对橡胶弹性体、增强纤维及粘合体系进行了热氧老化研究。结合高分子材料的热氧老化理论,特别是自动催化氧化反应机理及纤维的结构老化理论,分析了热氧老化过程对各主要组分材料性能的影响。2、依据复合材料损伤理论,提出了老化损伤的概念,以老化损伤因子来表征密封材料的老化劣化程度。通过对橡胶基体和增强纤维等主要组分各自的老化损伤特点的分析,提出了 CAS 的老化损伤变量及老化损伤因子,从而建立了 CAS的老化损伤模型,通过试验研究,得到了该模型的表达式。3、研究了热氧老化对 CAS 密封材料主要性能的影响。建立了标准试验条件下老化损伤因子与压缩回弹性能、应力松弛性能之间的关系,该关系也可为 CAS的性能评价及新型密封材料产品标准的建立提供了参考。4、材料老化是影响垫片密封能力的重要因素,CAS 密封性能在使用过程中因材料老化而逐渐下降。通过对老化后的 CAS 密封垫片的密封性能试验,建立了 CAS 的老化损伤因子与泄漏率之间的关系,探讨了热氧老化对 CAS 密封能力的影响。预测了特定工况条件下 CAS 密封垫片的使用寿命。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a substitute of compressed asbestos fiber sheet (CAF), compressednon-asbestos fiber sheet (CFS) is used widely with the development of new sealingmaterial. Experience in-service and investigation indicate that aging is a main reasonof performance deterioration of sealing material, which results in failure of sealingunder high temperature condition. There is no enough application experience of CFS,so it is important to study on its aging performance. In this paper, the thermaloxidizing aging property of compressed non-asbestos fiber sheet reinforced witharmaid fiber (CAS) is studied with the financial support from Education Departmentof Jiangsu Province. The main content and results are described as follows.1. Thermal oxidizing aging of rubber binder, fiber and adhesion of CAS isstudied. Moreover, the influence of aging process on each main composition isanalyzed by using the aging theory of macromolecule polymer, especiallyauto-catalyze oxidizing mechanism and aging theory of fiber.2. On the base of damage theory of composite, the conception of aging damageof compressed non-asbestos fiber sheet is put forward, which reflects the aging degreeof sealing material. The aging damage variable and aging damage factor of CAS areobtained through the analysis of aging damage characteristic of rubber binder andfiber. The aging damage model of CAS is established, and the expression of the agingdamage model is obtained through experiments.3. The influence of thermal oxidizing aging on main performances of CAS isstudied. Relationships between aging damage factor and main performances of CASincluding compressibility, resilience and stress relaxation are founded, which can beused as reference on the establishment of performance evaluation method of CAS andspecification for new developed sealing material.4. Aging of sealing materials is an important factor affecting sealing capability ofgasket. The relationship between aging damage factor and leakage rate of CAS is setup through experiments of sealing performance of aging CAS, which reflects theeffect of deterioration of aging material on sealing capability of CAS. The service lifeof CAS gasket could be predicted by this relationship.更多还原